Foot Flashcards
most common hindfoot problem in runners?
plantar fasciitis = inflammation of the plantar fascia - from overuse
- pain on plantar surface of the foot and heel
- pain most severe when first walking after sitting, then lessens
where do deep infections of the foot localize?
within the compartments b/w the muscular layers
contusion and tearing of what muscle is commonly mistaken for a severely sprained ankle? why?
EDB - results in hematoma -> edema anterolateral to lateral malleolus
what foot nerve is often used for nerve grafts?
sural nerve
where is anesthetic injected for block of superficial fibular nerve?
in the ankle region anterior to the palpable portion of the fibula
plantar reflex
myotatic reflex - lateral aspect of sole of the foot stroked w/ blunt object from heel and crossing to base of great toe - normal: flexion of the toes
-tests L4, L5, S1, S2 nerve roots
what is an abnormal response to plantar reflex?
Babinski sign - slight fanning of the lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of great toe
-indicates brain injury or cerebral disease
when can the median plantar nerve become entrapped?
- as it passes deep to the flexor retinaculum
- as it curves deep to the abductor hallucis
-during repetitive eversion of the foot
jogger’s foot
entrapment of the median plantar nerve - aching, burning, numbness, paresthesia on medial side of sole of foot and by navicular tuberosity
palpation of dorsal pedis pulse
when feet slightly dorsiflexed, feel along line from extensor retinaculum to just lateral of the EHL tendons
what does diminished dorsal pedis pulse mean?
vascular insufficiency from arterial disease
5 P’s of acute arterial occlusion
pain pallor paresthesia paralysis pulselessness
congenital non-palpable dorsalis pedis pulses
bilateral anomaly where dorsalis pedis artery replaced by an enlarged perforating fibular artery
what lymph nodes can become enlarged due to spreading infection from the foot?
popliteal and inguinal
