spirochetes

Question 1

mention the families, genus, species of spirocheste.

Answer 1

1_spirochaetacaea;
A. Treponoma: 
T. pallidum: syphilis 
T. endimicum: bejal «endemic syphilis» 
T. pertenue: yaws disease
T. carateum: pinta disease. 

B. Borrelia: 
B. buccalis: normal flora of mouth. 
B. vincenti: vincent angaina. 
B. recurrentis: relapsing fever
B. burgedorferi: lyme disease 

2_leptospiracae
leptospira species; leptospirosis

Question 2

Treponoma elicite to antibodies, what are they?

Answer 2

treponomal specific AB

reagin antibody for cardiolipin

Question 3

what are the viuralance factors of treponoma pallidus?

Answer 3

Outer mem pn

hyaluronidase

Question 4

describe the clinical course of syphilis

Answer 4

1_primary lesion I. P 2_10 weeks
chancer mainly in geitalia
papule which ulcerate, enlarged lymph nodes
will heal after 4-6 weeks. without treatment

2_secondary stage lesion. I. P6-12 weeks after chancre.
generalized manifistations: skin rash, condylomata of anus and vulva, mucos patches in mouth…. fever, weight loss, hair loss, joint pain
symptoms disapear in 3-6 months

in first and second stages T. pallidum is found in large numbers.
3_latent stage: no signs.
positive serology
4_tertiary stage: granulomma in skin and bones
CNS involvment «tabes dorsalis, paresis»
cardiovascular lesion«aortitis, aneuyrism of oarta».
serology +, but rarly seen microbe y

Question 5

what’s the major diagnostic method for syphilis?

Answer 5

serological t

Question 6

mention the types of serological test for syphilis and disadventages?

Answer 6

1-non. treponomal antigen test 
detect reagin AB. 
1_VDRL in serum or CSF «flocculation t» 
2_RPR in plasma.. flucc t
3_TRUST.  flucc t
4_wasserman 
5_kahn test 
may give false positive in autoimmune, measles, leprosy, malaria, hepatitis b, mononuclosis

2_treponomal ag test: 
FTA absorption 
TPHA TEST
TPPA T
ELISA
Western blot for congental syphilis

complex and expensive
positive for life
confirmatory test

Question 7

Treatment of syphilis?

Answer 7

pencillin