Spinning -> PM Processing (H) Flashcards

1
Q

What is SPINNING?
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43N44ICyuEU)

A

A sheet metal process used to create circular axisymmetric shapes

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2
Q

MANDREL

A

Mold with the shape of the internal dimensions and configuration of the desired final part

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3
Q

SPINDLE

A

Rotates the MANDREL at the necessary speed

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4
Q

TAIL STOCK

A

Clamps the BLANK cut from the sheet metal against the end of the mandrel

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5
Q

ROLLER/SCISSOR TOOL

A

Pushes the BLANK over the MANDREL to create the shape

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6
Q

CNC

A

Computer Numerical Controls

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7
Q

CONVENTIONAL SPINNING

A

The BLANK remains of constant thickness

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8
Q

SHEAR SPINNING

A

The BLANK is thinned and the diameter decreases

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9
Q

How to determined it was made with SPINNING?

A

Tell-tale manufacturing marks will be circumferential (hoop)

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10
Q

DEEP DRAWING and FORMING

A

Faster than SPINNING
Leave longitudinal marks

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11
Q

PLATE

A

Metal with thickness of 1/4 in or more

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12
Q

EXPLOSION FORMING (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uYL-N01tL-0&feature=youtu.be)

A

Technique that uses explosions to force metal into dies and molds

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13
Q

EXPLOSION FORMING ADVANTAGES

A

Shockwaves
Deadens Sound
Cools
Suppresses Flash
Catches Debris

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14
Q

Other examples of EXPLOSION FORMING

A

EXPLOSIVE BULDGING (
HYDROFORMING (fluid pressure to shape metal)

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15
Q

MAGNETIC PULSE FORMING/ INDUCTIVE PULSE FORMING

A

Shaping of sheet metal using electromagnetic fields

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16
Q

Types of MAGNETIC PULSE FORMING

A

MAGNETIC PULSE BULDGING
MANGETIC PULSE CRIMPING
MAGNETIC PULSE FORMING

17
Q

POWDER METALLURGY PROCESSING

A

Powdered metal is used as stock material

18
Q

TUNDISH

A

Cup which metal is poured through to steady the stream and prevent splashing

19
Q

Which metals cannot be used for this technique?

A

TUNGSTEN (high melting point)
TITANIUM (reactive when molten)

20
Q

COMPACTION

A

Powdered metal is placed in a DIE CAVITY with the cross section of the desired part, and it is punched by a PRESS

21
Q

GREEN COMPACT (GREEN STATE)

A

Powdered metal has been fully PRESSED and highly porous. Intense stress is generated at small points of contact causing limited fusion between particles.
GREEN MEANS INCOMPLETE

22
Q

CORES

A

Only straight or tapered holes can be created (no curves or dovetails)

23
Q

ISOSTATIC COMPACTION (to make stock material for PM)

A

Powdered metal is placed in a flexible rubber bag and then sealed inside a chamber. Pressurized fluid applied in all directions uniformly densifies the bag.

24
Q

POLYMER BINDER

A

Added to metals like Tungsten Carbide to help it stay in a GREEN COMPACT STATE

25
Q

SINTERING

A

GREEN COMPACT is placed in a SINTERING OVEN to reduce the porosity

26
Q

Steps of SINTERING

A
  1. PREHEAT ZONE
  2. HOT ZONE (MAX TEMP -> 1/2 Melting Point)
  3. COOLING ZONE
27
Q

SINTERING OVENS need

A

custom non-oxidizing atmospheres that involve HYDROGEN and/or NITROGEN

28
Q

PM PROCESSING is mainly chosen because

A

It can create EXOTIC PROPERTIES due to MIXING and DISTRIBUTION in the DIE
(Two different powders MIXED together or DISTRIBUTED in layers)

29
Q

IMPREGNATION

A

Pores are filled with fluid after air is drawn out in a vacuum chamber (OIL IMPREGNATED BEARINGS) (Surface tension prevents oil from coming out)

30
Q

Another application of IMPREGNATION is

A

Titanium medical implants, where pores are filled with growth hormone to encourage anchoring by tissue growth. Used for hip and knee implants.

31
Q

Strength of PM parts is similar to that of FORGING because

A

The grain size in PM parts is the same as the powder particle size used

32
Q

PM Advantages

A

1.No waste
2.Forge-like Strength (small grains)
3.Good for refractory metals(tungsten carbide)
4.Good for reactive metals (titanium)
5.Exotic properties (mixing + distributing powders)
6. Impregnation (bearing oil and implant growth hormone)
7. Porosity (filters, mufflers and light weight)

33
Q

PM Disadvantages

A
  1. High Costs of Powders
  2. Only simple shapes and straight passageways
  3. Shrinkage (during sintering)