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Man Poo > S - Bolts to Adhesives > Flashcards

S - Bolts to Adhesives Flashcards

1
Q

parts of a threaded fastener system

A
  • BOLT
  • NUT
  • WASHER
  • possibly additional anti-loosening features
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2
Q

how can the TORQUE/TENSION relationship be made predictable and independent of the specific workpiece?

A

a WASHER

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3
Q

what are the reasons for placing a WASHER between the nut and workpiece?

A
  • to provide a predictable surface upon which the nut can slide
  • spreading load
  • to cover a hole
  • protect the clamped surface from maring
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4
Q

an oversized variant of the PLAIN/FLAT WASHER

A

FENDER WASHERS

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5
Q

relies solely on friction to remain tight and may loosen in service as a result of vibration

A

THREADED FASTENING

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6
Q

a type of ratcheting LOCK WASHER with a ratcheting design, a ring of hardened spring steel is split, and the ends are displaced vertically to create a single-turn helical geometry. the washer is flattened when compressed between surfaces during tightening.

A

SPLIT WASHER

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7
Q

can SPLIT WASHERS be reused

A

yes, but it may be advantageous to reassemble with the nut turned the other way up if a plain nut is used

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8
Q

when using a SPLIT WASHER, what is the visual warning that the joint has loosened

A

if you can see the SPLIT WASHER in its uncompressed form during service

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9
Q

a type of ratcheting LOCKING WASHER that is available in both internal and external forms, inexpensive, mostly on small joints, tend to flatten permanently when compressed

A

TOOTHED WASHER

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10
Q

can TOOTHED WASHERS be reused?

A

no, they are ONE-USE ONLY

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11
Q

LOCK WASHERS that attempt to increase friction and bolt tension through compression of shaped (non-flat) discs (3)

A
  • CURVED
  • WAVE SPRING
  • BELLEVILLE (can be stacked to customize compressive force)
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12
Q

a vital part of a BOLTED JOINT (not the bolt)

A

NUT

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13
Q

the 2 basic types of NUTS

A
  • NON-LOCKING
  • LOCKING
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14
Q

the simplest type of NON-LOCKING NUT which consists of a multi-sided cylinder with a central tapped hole, generally HEXAGONAL

A

PLAIN NUT

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15
Q

another shape that non-locking nuts can come in, still fit in the parallel jaws of a standard open-eyed wrench, mainly used in conjunction with T-SLOTS on machine tables

A

SQUARE NUT

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16
Q

NUTS primarily used on WATER HYDRANTS in an anti-tamper role

A

PENTAGONAL

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17
Q

a type of plain nut intended to be tightened by hand only, but they can be tweaked by placing a screwdriver shaft diagonally between the wings (not recommended)

A

WING NUT

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18
Q

a type of nut that employs a blind threaded hole, mainly for decorative use, or as a safety feature to guard the exposed end of a stud on rotating equipment, difficult to use

A

BLIND NUTS

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19
Q

different names for BLIND NUTS (3)

A
  • DOME
  • ACORN
  • LUG (when used on car wheels)
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20
Q

a type of nut that uses a unique design that allows the nut to be placed on a threaded rod from the side rather than threaded all the way from the end

A

SLIP-ON NUT

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21
Q

a slimmer version of a plain nut, tightening this nut against another plain nut can provide extra security

A

JAM NUT

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22
Q

a common type of LOCK NUT which is basically a plain nut with a captured ring of plastic stacked on top

A

NYLOC NUT/ NYLON INSERT LOCK NUT

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23
Q

what happens when the specific polymer NYLON is exposed to moisture through atmospheric humidity?

A

it swells and squeezes the plastic tighter against the threads.

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24
Q

are NYLOC NUTS reusable?

A

no they are ONE-USE-ONLY

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25
Q

what limitations come with using a NYLOC NUT?

A

NYLOC NUTS can only be put on one way around, but are also restricted to fairly low temperature use

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26
Q

2 types of nuts that both integrate ratcheting washers into their design, restricted to one-way application, quickly spin on, not limited by temp, not much more effective than using plain nut and lock washer combo

A
  • FLANGE NUTS
  • KREPS-K-LOC NUTS
27
Q

nuts that have had the threads deformed to greatly increase friction

A
  • CENTER LOCK NUTS (dented on one flat)
  • DISTORTED NUTS (with lobular deformation of the top threads)
  • MARSDEN NUTS (free spinning, but the fingers created by thin slits tend to bend inward when heavily torqued during final tightening)
28
Q

nuts designed to be used in conjunction with a COTTER (SPLIT) PIN

A

CASTLE (SLOTTED) NUTS

29
Q

what is routinely done to ensure absolute safety and accountability

A
  • split type lock washers are installed
  • thread-locking adhesive to stop vibration loosening
  • safety wire
  • metal tags attached to the safety wire (accountability)
30
Q

machine screws that don’t have a head, a short threaded rod with some means of being driven at one end, and a gripping surface at the other end

A

SET SCREWS/BLIND SCREWS/GRUB SCREWS (outside the U.S.)

31
Q

without a head, these can be driven below flush with a surface and are used mainly for light-duty applications

A

SET SCREWS

32
Q

the most common driver

A

ALLEN (HEX SOCKET)

33
Q

other types of drivers available

A
  • SLOTTED
  • PHILLIPS
  • TORX
  • TAMPER PROOF
34
Q

screws that don’t develop much tension and rely primarily on friction with the underlying surface to remain secure

A

SET SCREWS

35
Q

one example of a mechanical fastener system, basically a heavy-duty version of that used to bind paper sheets together, mostly seen on cardboard packing cartons

A

METAL STAPLING/STITCHING

36
Q

an example of a mechanical fastener system that relies on elastic flexing and cunning “one-way” design

A

SNAP-FIT FASTENING

37
Q

one modern unique type of fastener commonly known as VELCRO

A

HOOK & LOOP

38
Q

a modern fastener that has a 2 part system with both parts being constructed on a fabric backing

A

CLOTH HOOK & LOOP

39
Q

advantages of VELCRO

A
  • perfect closure of backpack, shoes, clothes
  • light
  • fast to use
  • micro-adjustable
40
Q

disadvantages of VELCRO

A
  • noisy
  • wear out over time
41
Q

how do you separate VELCRO

A

a force must be applied greater that the holding force

42
Q

a heavy-duty industrial use fastening system; conceptually it is a HOOK & LOOP design, and its functionality borrows heavily from SNAP-FIT technology

A

STEEL VELCRO

43
Q

a fastening system that addresses the problem of easy removal by employing “shape memory alloy” for the hooks

A

ELECTRO-ACTIVE VELCRO

44
Q

used to BOND (stick) two surfaces together, very broad and diverse JOINING method

A

ADHESIVES (glues)

45
Q

name an advantage that other JOINING METHODS like BOLTING, RIVETING, and WELDING, ADHESIVE BONDING

A
  • smooth uninterrupted surface
  • no stress concentrations
  • vibration and sound dampening
  • sealing against fluid intrusion
    con cope with complex geometries
  • can join materials of different composition
  • lightweight
  • no damage to heat-sensitive materials
  • no holes or loss of material integrity
46
Q

name is a disadvantage that other JOINING METHODS like BOLTING, RIVETING, and WELDING, ADHESIVE BONDING

A
  • takes time to reach full strength
  • need for meticulous surface preparation
  • low peel strength & susceptible to creep
  • poor heat resistance
  • poor resistance to solvents
  • inflammability
  • toxicity during assembly & Disposal
  • damage from humidity, UV, and microbes
  • not easily disassembled
47
Q

5 examples of different forms of ADHESIVES:

A
  • paste (mastic)
  • liquid
  • tape
  • powder
  • solid (sticks)
48
Q

STEPS 1 of the SURFACE PREPARATION PROCEDURE

A

SCUFF/ABRADE the adherend surface to remove oxidation or loose material and rough up the surfaces to provide a better BITE for the adhesive

49
Q

in STEP 1 of the surface preparation procedure, what is used to pick up debris rather than blowing it off with the risk of it resettling on the surface

A

TACK CLOTH

50
Q

STEP 2 of the surface preparation procedure

A

DEGREASING with a solvent to remove films and oily contaminants, not the same as cleaning which may leave a residue

51
Q

5 examples of flavored solvents used for DEGREASING

A
  • DENATURED ALCOHOL
  • ACETONE
  • MINERAL SPIRITS
  • PAINT THINNER
  • TURPENTINE
52
Q

STEP 3 of the surface preparation procedure involves making sure the environment around the work area is well-ventilated and that PPE is worn

A

CURING MECHANISM

53
Q

5 types of CURING MECHANISMS

A
  • SOLVENT- cures as moisture evaporates away
  • CHEMICALLY REACTIVE- cures as two components are mixed together
  • HOT MELT- heat activated
  • UV CURE- exposed to ultra-violet light
  • PRESSURE ACTIVATED- d by applying physical pressure, almost immediate
54
Q

4 examples of common ADHESIVE types:

A
  • SUPERGLUE/CRAZY GLUE, technically known as CYANOACRYLATE
  • EPOXY
  • ANAEROBIC THREAD LOCKER (loctite)
  • CAULK
55
Q

marketed for its instant curing ability, not a particularly strong adhesive especially in shear and on smooth surfaces

A

SUPER GLUE

56
Q

standard SUPERGLUE is mildly toxic, but this can be reduced by using a medical formulation based on 2-octyl cyanoacrylate

A

DERMABOND

57
Q

known as a TWO-PART adhesive, since it requires two liquid chemicals to be combined together, a STRUCTURAL ADHESIVE

A

EPOXY

58
Q

what are the 2 types of liquid chemicals combined in EPOXY

A

RESIN and HARDENER

59
Q

ADVANTAGES of EXPOXY (5)

A
  • very strong
  • adhere to virtually any material
  • can cure underwater
  • very stable and resistant to heat, moisture, and many chemicals
  • show very little creep
60
Q

DISADVANTAGES of EPOXY ()

A
  • poor toughness, prone to shattering under impact
  • doesn’t cure instantly
  • the faster the cure time the lower the strength
  • joints must be immobilized until handling cure is reached
61
Q

adhesive that cures in the ABSENCE OF OXYGEN and requires CONTACT WITH A METAL, comes in various strength grades for any given fastener configuration

A

ANAEROBIC/THREAD LOCKER

62
Q

a special type of low-strength adhesive, ELASTOMER that provides flexibility rather than strength, used as a SEALANT to prevent fluid intrusion in bathtubs or along chimney flashing.

A

CAULK

63
Q

CAULK formulations can be based on: (4)

A
  • LATEX
  • SILICONE
  • URETHANE
  • ACRYLIC
64
Q

factors to consider the choosing a CAULK (6)

A
  • adhesion to various materials (including wet surfaces)
  • expansion coefficient
  • UV resistance
  • drying/cracking
  • yellowing
  • cleanup/removal

Man Poo (31 decks)

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