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Anatomy > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

Exaggeration in the sagittal curvature in Thoracic Column

A

Kyphosis

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2
Q

Exagerration in the sagittal curvature in Lumbar Column

A

Lordosis

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3
Q

Lateral Deviation of the spinal cord

A

Scoliosis

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4
Q

Most common part of vertebral column for scolosios

A

Thoracic

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5
Q

Concave Curvature Ventrally

A

Thoracic

Sacral

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6
Q

Convex Curvature Ventrally

A

Cervical
Lumbar
Sacrum

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7
Q

Primary Curvature of vertebral column

A

Thoracic and Sacral

Concave Ventrally

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8
Q

Secondary Curvature of vertebral colun

A

Cervical and Lumbar

Convex Ventrally

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9
Q

characteristic feature of first cervical vertebrae

A

absent body

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10
Q

characteristic feature of second cervical vertebrae

A

odontoid process/dens

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11
Q

characteristic feature of seventh cervical vertebrae

A

long spinous process and not bifid

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12
Q

Also called vertebra prominens

A

C7

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13
Q

Typical Cervical Vertebra

A

C3 - C6

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14
Q

Atypical Cervical Vertebra

A

C1, C2, C7

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15
Q

Transverse Foramen

A

Vertebral Artery

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16
Q

Atlas

A

C1

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17
Q

Axis

A

C2

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18
Q

Characteristic of Cervical Vertebrae

A
  1. transverse process have Foramen Transversarium
  2. Spines are short and bifid
  3. body is small and broad
  4. vertebral foramen is large and triangular
  5. superior articular processes have facets that face posteriorly and superiorly
  6. Inferior articular process face inferiorly and anteriorly
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19
Q

Subclavian artery is divided into how many parts

A

3

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20
Q

What divides the subclavian arrtery?

A

Scalenous anterior muscle

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21
Q

First part of subclavian artery

A
  1. vertebral
  2. thyrocervical
  3. internal thoracic
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22
Q

Second part of subclavian artery

A
  1. costocervical
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23
Q

Third part of subclavian artery

A

None

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24
Q

Heart Shaped Body

A

Thoracic Vertebra

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25
Q

Facets on the bodies of the thoracic vertebra are for

A

articulation with HEAD of ribs

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26
Q

Facets on the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra are for

A

articulation with TUBERCLE of ribs

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27
Q

Characteristic of Thoracic Vertebra

A
  1. medium size
  2. heart shaped
  3. vertebral foramen is small and circular
  4. spines are long
  5. body facet - articulation with head of rib
  6. transverse process facet - articulation with tubercle of ribs
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28
Q

Characteristic of Lumbar Vertebra

A
  1. body is large
  2. kidney shape
  3. pedicles are strong and directed backward
  4. laminae are short in vertical dimension
  5. vertebral foramina are triangular
  6. transverse process are long and slender
  7. spinous process are short, flat, and quadrangular; project posteriorly
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29
Q

Termination of Spinal Cord in Adult

A

L1

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30
Q

Termination of Spinal Cord in Newborn

A

L3

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31
Q

Termination of Subarachnoid Space in Adult

A

S2 - S3

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32
Q

Hyoid Bone

A

C3

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33
Q

Bifurcation of Common Carotid Artery

A

C4

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34
Q

Thyroid Cartilage

A

C5

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35
Q

Carotid Pulse Palpated

A

C5

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36
Q

Cricoid Cartilage

A

C6

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37
Q

Start of Trachea and Esophagus

A

C6

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38
Q

Sternal notch

A

T2

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39
Q

Arch of Aorta

A

T2

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40
Q

Sternal Angle

A

T4

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41
Q

Junction of Superior and inferior mediastinum

A

T4

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42
Q

Bifurcation of Trachea

A

T4

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43
Q

Pulmonary Hilum

A

T5 - T7

44
Q

Inferior Vena Cava hiatus

A

T8

45
Q

Xiphysternal Joint

A

T9

46
Q

Esophageal Hiatus

A

T10

47
Q

Aortic Hiatus

A

T12

48
Q

Duodenum

A

T12 - L1

49
Q

Celiac Artery

A

T12

50
Q

Upper pole of left kidney

A

T12

51
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

A

L1

52
Q

Upper pole of right kidney

A

L1

53
Q

End of spinal cord in adult and pia mater (conus medullaris)

A

L1

54
Q

Renal Artery

A

L2

55
Q

End of spinal cord in newborn

A

L3

56
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

A

L3

57
Q

Umbilicus

A

L3

58
Q

Iliac Crest

A

L4

59
Q

Bifurcation of Abdominal Aorta

A

L4

60
Q

Sacral Promontory

A

S1

61
Q

End of dural sac, dura, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, and CSF

A

S2

62
Q

End of sigmoid colon

A

S3

63
Q

Spinal cord of embryo

A

entire length of vertebral canal

64
Q

Spinal cord of 6 months

A

S1

65
Q

White Matter of Cervical

A
  1. Fasciculus Cutaneous

2. Fasciculus Gracilis

66
Q

Gray Matter/Lateral Horn of Cervical

A

Absent

67
Q

White Matter of Thoracic

A
  1. Fasciculus Cutaneous (T1 - T6)

2. Fasciculus Gracilis

68
Q

Gray Matter of Thoracic

A

Present

69
Q

White Matter of Lumbar

A
  1. Fasciculus Gracilis
70
Q

Gray Matter of Lumbar

A

Present

71
Q

White Matter of Sacral

A
  1. Fasciculus Gracillis
72
Q

Gray Matter of Sacral

A

Absent

73
Q

Propioception lower part of the body

A

Fasciculus Gracillis

74
Q

Propioception upper part of the body

A

Fasciculus Cuneatus

75
Q

Ascending Tract of Spinal Column

A
  1. Dorsal/Posterior Column

2. Spinothalamic Tract

76
Q

Lesion in Dorsal/ Posterior Column

A
  1. Same side
  2. Propioception
  3. Fasciculus Gracillis and Cuneatus
77
Q

Types of lesion in the spinothalamic tract

A
  1. Anterior STT

2. Lateral STT

78
Q

Anterior Spinothalamic tract lesion

A
  1. touch

2. pressure

79
Q

Lateral Spinothalamic tract lesion

A
  1. temperature

2. pain

80
Q

Descending Tract of Spinal Column

A
  1. lateral corticospinal (UMNL)
  2. rubrospinal
  3. lateral reticulospinal
  4. medial reticulospinal
  5. vetibulospinal
  6. tectospinal
  7. anterior corticospinal
81
Q

Lesion in the descending tract of spinal column

A

above decussation - opposite side

below decussation - same side

82
Q
  1. Progressive cavitation around central canal

2. BILATERAL loss of pain and temperature sensation in hands and forearm

A

Syringomtelia

Central cord

83
Q

Attack on anterior horn cells leading to LMNL

No sensory loss

A

Poliomyelitis

84
Q
  1. Caused by neurosyphilis

2. Degeneraation of Dorsal Column (loss of vibration and position sense)

A

Tabes Dorsalis

Posterior Cord

85
Q
  1. Pure motor disease
    2, degeneration of anterior horn cells and corticospinal tract
  2. no sensory loss
A

AML - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

86
Q
  1. vitamin B12 deficiency

2. degeneration of posterior and lateral columns

A

Subacure combined degeneration

87
Q

Spinal Cord hemisection

A

Brown sequard syndrome

88
Q

Feature of Brown Sequard Syndrome

A
  1. contralateral loss of pain and temperatur
  2. Ipsilateral loss of proprioception
  3. ipsilateral manifestation of upper and lower motor neuron lesion
89
Q

Signs of Injury in Lemniscal Pathway

A
  1. Inability to recognize limb position
  2. astereognosis
  3. loss of 2 point discrimination
  4. loss of vibration sense
    5 + romberg sign
90
Q

Lateral Medullary/ PICA syndrome/ Alternating Sensory Loss

A

Wallenberg

91
Q

Millard Guber

A

Pons

92
Q

Claude

A

Midbrain

93
Q

Weber

A

Midbrain

94
Q

Bilateral cervical spinal cord damage

C4 - C6

A

Quadriplegia

95
Q

Unilateral spinal cord lesion in THORACIC level; result in paralysis of the ipsilateral lower extremity

A

Monoplegia

96
Q

Bilateral spinal cord lesion in THORACIC level; result in paralysis of bilateral lower extremity

A

Paraplegia

97
Q

Lumbar Puncture Process

A

SSS I LED AS

98
Q

Herniation in Cervical Intervertebral Disc

A

C5 - C6

C6 - C7

99
Q

Herniation in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc

A

L4 - L5

L5 - sacrum

100
Q

Spina Bifida Oculta

A

L5 - S1

presence of dimple with tuft of hair

101
Q

Spina Bifida Cystica

A
  1. spina bifida with meningocele
  2. spina bifida with meningomyelocele
  3. spina bifida with myeloschisis
102
Q

superficial muscle of the back

A

connected with shoulder girdle

103
Q

intermediate muscles of the back

A

involved with movements of the thoracic cage

104
Q

deep muscles of the back

A
  1. Superficial - erector spinae
  2. Intermediate - Transversospinalis
  3. Deep - interspinalis; intertransversarii
105
Q

Traingle of auscultation

A
  1. latissimus dorsi
  2. trapezius
  3. medial border of scapula

Breath sounds are best heard

106
Q

Lumbar Traingle of Petit

A
  1. External oblique abdomen
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. iliac crest

Site of Lumbar Hernia

Anatomy (22 decks)

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