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Anatomy > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

Learn the Brain

1
Q

Prosencephalon

A

Forebrain

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2
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Midbrain

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3
Q

Rhombencephalon

A

Hindbrain

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4
Q

2 divisions of Prosencephalon

A

Diencephalon Telencephalon

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5
Q

2 divisions of Rhombencephalon

A

Metencephalon Myelencephalon

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6
Q

Division of Mesencephalon

A

None

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7
Q

Telencephalon is

A

Cerebrum

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8
Q

Diencephalon is

A

Thalamus

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9
Q

Mesencephalon is

A

Midbrain

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10
Q

Metencephalon is

A

Ponw Cerebellum

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11
Q

Myelencephaon is

A

Medulla

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12
Q

Neural Tube Differentiates into

A

brain and spinal cord

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13
Q

Neural Crest derivatives are

A
  1. Sensory ganglia of cranial and spinal nervesl 2. neurolemmal sheath of peripheral nerves 3. meninges 4. pigment cells of retina 5. cells of adrenal medulla
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14
Q

4 septas of the meningeal layer of the Dura Mater

A
  1. falx cerebri 2. tentorium cerebelli 3. falx cerebelli . diaphragma sella
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15
Q

Siickle shaped fold of dura matrr thst lies in the midline between the teo cerebral hemisphere. Its narrow anterior end is attached to the frontal crest and crista galli

A

Falx Cerebri

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16
Q

Crescent shaped fold of dura mater that roofs over the posterior fosda; covers the upper surface of the cerebellum and supportd the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemisphere

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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17
Q

Small sickle shaped fold of dura mater attached to the internal occipital crest and projects between the two cerebellar hemispheres

A

Falx cerebelli

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18
Q

small circular fold of dura mater thst forms the roof of the sella turcica

A

diaphragma sella

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19
Q

Sensory innervation of the dura mater

A

Trigeminal Nerve and first 3 cervical nerves

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20
Q

Primmary Motor Area is

A

Precentral Gyrus B.A. 4

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21
Q

Primary Somesthetic area

A

Post central gyrus B.A. 3,1,2

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22
Q

Primary visual area is

A

B.A. 17

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23
Q

Primary Auditory area is

A

B.A. 41, 42

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24
Q

Broca area is

A

Inferior frontal gyrus B.A. 44, 45 motor aphasia

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25
Q

Wernicke’s area is

A

superior temporal gyrus B.A. 22 sensory aphasia

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26
Q

Primary Auditory Cortex is

A

Heschl Gyrus

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27
Q

3 divisions of the cerebellum

A
  1. anterior lobe 2. posterior lobe 3. floculondular lobe
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28
Q

Anterior Lobe of Cerebellum Function

A

Paleocerebellum/Spinocerebellum - coordination of LIMB movement; regulation of muscle tone

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29
Q

Posterior Lobe of cerebellum function is

A

Neocerebellum/Cerebrocerebellum - coordination of voluntary movrments

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30
Q

Floculonodular Lobe of Cerebrllum function is

A

Arhicerebellum/Vestibulocerebellum - associated with equilibrium

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31
Q

Loss or Slowness of a voluntary movement

A

Bradykinesia

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32
Q

Hesitancy in starting a movement

A

Akinesia

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33
Q

Involuntary Movements

A

Dyskinesia

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34
Q

Ireegular, repetitive writhing movements

A

athethosis

35
Q

Irregular, repetitive, jerking movements

36
Q

Slow, sustained abnormal movement

37
Q

explosive, violent movement

38
Q

What spinal level is lumbar puncture done?

A

L3-L4 L4-L5

39
Q

Damage in Parkinsons Disease

A

Substantia Nigra

40
Q

Damage in Chorea

A

Striatal Neurons

41
Q

Damage in Hemiballismus

A

Contralateral Subthalamic Nucleus

42
Q

Location of Cranial Nerves

A

1 - supratentorial 2 - infratentorial 3,4 - midbrain 5,6,7,8 - pons 9,10,11,12 - medulla

43
Q

Purely sensory cranial nerves

44
Q

purely motor cranial nerves

A

3,4,6,11,12

45
Q

mixed cranial nerves

46
Q

cranial nerves with parasynpathetic component

47
Q

Anterior CF: foramina of cribriform plate of ethmoid?

A

cranial nerve 1

48
Q

Middle CF: optic canal

A

cranial nerve 2 and opthalmic artery

49
Q

Middle CF: Superior orbital fissure

A

CN 3, 4, 6; opthalmic nerve (V1), opthalmic vein, lacrimal nerve, nasocilliary nerve, frontal nerve

50
Q

Middle CF: Foramen Rotundum

A

Maxillary Nerve (V2)

51
Q

Middle CF: Foramen Ovale

A

Mandibular Nerve (V3)

52
Q

Middle CF: Foramen Spinosum

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

53
Q

Posterior CF: Jugular Foramen

A

CN 9,10,11 - cranial root; sigmoid sinus; internal juular vein

54
Q

Posterior CF: Hypoglossal Canal

55
Q

Posterior CF:Internal Acoustic Meatus

A

CN 7 and 8

56
Q

Posterios CF: Foramen Magnum

A

Medulla, Meninges, Vertebral Arteries, CN 11 - spinal roots

57
Q

Middle CF: Carotid Canal

A

Internal Carotid Artery

58
Q

loss of sense of smell

59
Q

blindness, loss of direct pupillary reflex

60
Q

Deafness, Loss of balance, absemce of Vestibulo ocular reflex

61
Q

Diplopia - eye turned down and out; ptosis; dilated and fixed pupil

62
Q

Diplopia - extorsion of the eye; weakness of downward gaze

63
Q

Diplopia - medial deviation; Abductor paralysis

64
Q

facial hemianesthesia; paralysis of muscle of mastication; deviation of the jaw to the weak side; loss of general sensation of tongue (anterior 2/3l

65
Q

Facial paralysis, loss of corneal/blink reflex (eye closure); hyperacusis; dry mouth, loss of lacrimation, loss of taste (anterior 2/3)

A

CN 7 - Bells Palsy

66
Q

Dysphagia, loss of taste and common sensation of tongue POSTERIORLY, loss of gag reflex

67
Q

Dysphonia, dyspnea, dysarthria, dysphagia, loss of gag reflex

68
Q

Weakness in turning head toward opposite side and shrugging shoulder/dropping of shoulder

69
Q

Hemiparalysis of the tongue, deviation towards the weak side

70
Q

Hyoid Cartilage

71
Q

Thyroid Cartilage

72
Q

Cricoid Cartilage

73
Q

Subclavian Is divided into 3 parts by what muscle?

A

Scalenous Anterior

74
Q

First part of the subclavian Artery

A

medial to scaleneus anterior 1. vertebral 2. thyrocervical 3. internal thoracic

75
Q

second part of subclavian artery

A

Behind the scaleneus anterior 1.costocervical

76
Q

third part of the subclavian artery

A

lateral to scaleneus muscle no branches

77
Q

Composition of Circle of Willis

A

Internal Carotid; Vertebral; Basilar Artery

78
Q

Branches from Internal Carotid Artery

A
  1. Ophthalmic 2. posterior communicating 3. anterior cerebral 4. middle cerebral
79
Q

Branches from Vertebral

A
  1. PICA 2. Ant/Post Spinal 3. Meningeal 4. Medullary
80
Q

Branches of Basilar Artery

A
  1. Posterior Cerebral 2. Superior Cerebellar 3. Pontine 4. Labyrinthine 5. AICA
81
Q

Saccilar Dilatations of the walls of the arteries

A

Berry Aneurysm

82
Q

Most Commo area of saccular aneurysm

A

Anterior part of circle of willis (anterior communicating, posterior communicating, or MCA)

83
Q

Compression of oculomotor nerve by berry aneurysm is caused by?

A
  1. posterior communicating 2. internal carotid artery 3. posterior cerebral artery

Anatomy (22 decks)

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