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Anatomy > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

External oblique muscle orientation

A

obliquely downward and medially

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2
Q

Internal oblique muscle orientation

A

upward and medial

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3
Q

conjoint tendon

A

aponeurotic fibers of internal oblique and trnsversus abdominis

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4
Q

function of pyramidalis muscle

A

tenses linea alba

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5
Q

It is a cresentic border on the posterior wall; midway between umbilicus and pubic crest

A

arcuate line

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6
Q

Contents of rectus sheath (5)

A
  1. rectus abdominis
  2. pyramidilis
  3. superior epigastric vessels
  4. inferior epigastric vessels
  5. lower 5 intercostal and subcostal vessels and nerves
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7
Q

Blood supply of abdomen

A
  1. superior epigastric vessels
  2. inferior epigastric vessels
  3. deep circumflex iliac
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8
Q

Venous drainage of abdomen

A
  1. superior epigastric vein
  2. inferior epigastric vein
  3. deep circumflex iliac vein
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9
Q

Nerve supply of abdomen

A

ventral rami of the lower 6 thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve

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10
Q

Hesselbach’s triangle boundaries

A
  1. superior and lateral - inferior epigastric artery
  2. inferior and lateral - inguinal ligament/poupart’s ligament
  3. medial - rectus abdominis
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11
Q

Nerve that cause numbness on the skin after herniorrhaphy

A

ilioinguinal nerve

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12
Q

Boundaries of inguinal canal

A

anter - external oblique muscle aponeurosis
post - transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon
sup - inferior oblique and transversus abdominis
inferior - inguinal ligament

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13
Q

A hernia that is lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels

A

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

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14
Q

A hernia that is mediall to the inferior epigastric vessels

A

Direct Inguinal Hernia

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15
Q

A hernia covered by peritoneum and layers of spermatic cord

A

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

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16
Q

A hernia covered by exxternal spermatic fascia

A

Direct Inguinal Hernia

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17
Q

Derivative of skin

A

skin

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18
Q

Derivative of external oblique

A

external spermatic fascia

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19
Q

Derivative of internal oblique

A

cremasteric muscle

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20
Q

Derivative of transversalis fascia

A

interna spermatic fascia

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21
Q

Derivative of transversus abdominis

A

none

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22
Q

Derivative of extreperitoneal fat

A

none

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23
Q

Derivative of peritoneum

A

tunica vaginalis

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24
Q

Cremasteric Reflex

A

sensory and motor fibers in ventral rami of L1

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25
Q

What nerve is stimulated in cremasteric refflex

A

sensory fiber of ilioinguinal nerve

motor fiber of genitofemoral nerve

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26
Q

What are the peritoneal organs

A
  1. esophagus
  2. stomach
  3. 1st part of duodenum
  4. ileum
    5 cecum and appendix
  5. transverese colon
  6. sigmoid colon
  7. superior rectum
    9 liver, biliary tree
  8. spleen
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27
Q

what are the Retroperitoneal organs

A
  1. kidney
  2. ureter
  3. urinary bladder
  4. uterus
  5. fallopian tube
  6. aorta
  7. IVC
    8 suprarenal glands
  8. 2nd to 4th duodenum
  9. pancreas
  10. ascending colon
  11. descending colon
  12. middle rectum
28
Q

.What is the extraperitoneal organ

A
  1. inferior rectum
29
Q

a communication between the greater and lesser sac

A

foramen of winslow

30
Q

boundaries of foramen of winslow

A

ant - hepatoduodenal ligament; portal triad
post - IVC
inferior - superior part of duodenum
superior - caudate lobe of liver

31
Q

These are extensions of the visceral peritoneum

A

peritoneal reflections

32
Q

abdominal policeman

A

greater omentum

33
Q

parts of greater omentum

A
  1. gastrophrenic
  2. gastrosplenic
  3. gastrocolic
34
Q

parts of lesser omentum

A
  1. hepatogastric

2. hepatoduodenal

35
Q

what is clamped during a pringle’s maneuver

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

36
Q

What are the contents of hepatoduodenal ligament

A
  1. hepatic artery lying anterior and left
  2. common bileduct lying anterior and right
  3. portal vein lying posterior
37
Q

Anterior unpaired branches of abdominal aorta

A
  1. celiac trunk
  2. superior mesenteric
  3. inferior mesenteric
38
Q

Anterior paired branches of the abdominal aorta

A
  1. suprarenal
  2. renal
  3. gonadal
39
Q

Lateral paired branches of abdominal aorta

A
  1. inferior phrenic

2. lumbar

40
Q

terminal branches of abdominal aorta

A
  1. comon iliac

2. median sacral (unpaired/posterior)

41
Q

Branches of the celiac artery

A
  1. left gastric
  2. splenic
    a. left gastroepiploic
    b. short gastric
    3.hepatic
    a. right gastric
    b. right and left hepatic
    c. gastroduodenal
    >right gastroepiploic
    >superior pancreaticoduodenal
42
Q

Where is celiac artery in relation to vertebral column

A

T12

43
Q

where is the superior mesenteric artery in relation to vertebral column

A

L1

44
Q

What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A
  1. inferior pancreaticoduodenal
  2. middle colic
  3. right colic
  4. ileo colic
  5. jejunal ileal
45
Q

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A
  1. left colic
  2. sigmoid
  3. superior rectal
46
Q

Where is the inferior mesenteric artery in relation to the vertebral column

A

L3

47
Q

Supply of Foregut

A

Celiac Trunk

48
Q

Supply of Midgut

A

Superior mesenteric artery

49
Q

Supply of hindgut

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

50
Q

endodermal origin of duodenum

A

2nd part
proximal - foregut
distal - midgut

51
Q

endordermal origin of transverse colon

A

upper 2/3 - midgut

lower 1/3 - hind gut

52
Q

endodermal/ectodermal origin of anal canal

A

upper part - hind gut

lower part - protoderm - ectoderm

53
Q

anterior visceral branch of IVC

A
  1. right hepatic

2. left hepatic

54
Q

Lateral viscerl branch of IVC

A
  1. right suprarenal
  2. right and left renal
  3. right gonadal
55
Q

Lateral abdominal branch of IVC

A
  1. inferior phrenic

2. lumbar

56
Q

Veins of origin of IVC

A
  1. right and left common iliac

2. median sacral

57
Q

Origin of portal vein

A
  1. superior mesenteric vein

2. splenic vein

58
Q

Tributaries of portal vein

A
  1. left gastric vein
  2. right gastric vein
  3. cystic vein
  4. posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein
59
Q

Drainage of right and left hepatic veins

A

IVC

60
Q

drainage of right gonadal and right suprarenal vein

A

IVC

61
Q

drainage of left gonadal and left suprarenal vein

A

left renal vein

62
Q

drainage of right gastroepiploic vein

A

SMV

63
Q

drainage of left gastroepiploic vein

A

splenic vein

64
Q

drainage of right colic vein

A

SMV

65
Q

drainage of left colic vein

A

IMV

66
Q

Portal Venous System Tributaries

A
  1. suerior mesenteric vein
  2. splenic vein
  3. inferior mesenteric vein
  4. left gastric vein
  5. para umbilical vein
67
Q

Collateral branches if portal venous system is blocked

A
  1. esophageal branch of left gastric to esophageal of azygous
  2. superior rectal to middle and inferior rectal
  3. paraumbilical to superficial veins of anterior abdominal wall
  4. colic veins to retroperitoneal veins

Anatomy (22 decks)

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