Spinal Cord 1 Flashcards
Why do we have a cervical enlargement?
Brachial plexus (innervation of upper limb)
Why do we have the lumbosacral enlargement?
Lumbosacral plexus (Innervation of the lower limb)
The spinal cord ends at the level of ___/___.
L1/L2
Vertebral level (is/is not) the same as SC level.
is NOT
Spinal nerves exit at their respective ________ level.
vertebral
What level of the SC has the most white matter?
cervical
What level of the SC are the anterior horns very small?
thoracic
What level of the SC has very large anterior horns?
lumbar
What are the 3 major functions of the SC?
- Conduit
- Reflexes
- Locomotion
_______ ______ = sensory (fine touch proprioception rom ipsilateral lower limb)
fasciculus gracilis
_______ _______ = sensory (fine touch, proprioception from ipsilateral upper limb)
fasciculus cuneatus
______ ______ = proprioception from limbs to cerebellum
spinocerebellar tract
_____ _______ ______ = motor to ipsilateral ventral horn, mostly limb musculature.
lateral corticospinal tract
_________ ______ = pain and temp from contralateral side of the body
spinothalamaic tract
______ _______ _____ = motor to ipsi and contralateral ventral horn, mostly axial musculature
anterior corticospinal tract
The _________ corticospinal tract plays a role in postural adjustment.
anterior
The ________ corticospinal tract plays a role in skilled movement of the extremities.
lateral
The __________ tract originates in the primary motor cortex and is an UMN.
corticospinal
The UMN synapses in the SC with a ______ ________ ______.
lower motor neuron
Where does the CST cross over to the contralateral side?
pyramidal decussation (caudal medulla)
Motor fibers travel ______ in the brainstem.
anteriorly
What is the main tract that compensates for balance?
vestibulospinal tracts
The ______ vestibulospinal tract sends signals to neck muscles.
medial
The _______ vestibulospinal tract sends signals to flexors and extensors.
lateral
When we see something of interest, this is mapped to our environment in the _______ _______.
superior colliculus
Through what tract does info from the superior colliculus travel to neck musculature?
tectospinal
Muscle tone is determined by activity of the _______ ______ and _____ MNs.
muscle spindle; gamma
Through what two tracts do gamma MNs receive input from brainstem structures?
- reticulospinal tract
2. lateral vestibulospinal tract
Both the lateral vestibulospinal tract and reticulospinal tract have _________ innervation.
bilateral
The _____ _____ _____ are an automated sequence of MN activation to allow for locomotion by generation of repetitive cycles of flexor and extensor activation.
CPGs
What environmental cues can CPGs respond to?
- Proprioceptors (regulate timing of stepping patterns)
2. Skin receptors (allow for adaptation to obstacles)
