Brainstem 2 Flashcards

1
Q

SVE branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve function and nucleus?

A

pharyngeal muscles; nucleus ambigus

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2
Q

GVE branch of glossopharyngeal nerve function and nucleus?

A

parotid gland; inferior salivary nucleus

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3
Q

GVA branch of glossopharyngeal nerve function and tract?

A

visceral sensory; solitary nucleus and tract

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4
Q

SVA branch of glossopharyngeal nerve function and tract?

A

posterior 1/3 of tongue; solitary tract and nucleus

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5
Q

GSA branch of glossopharyngeal nerve function and tract?

A

pharynx, posterior oral cavity; spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract

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6
Q

What two cranial nerves are responsible for the gag reflex and where do these synapse?

A

CN IX and X; nucleus solitarius and ambiguus

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7
Q

SVE branch of vagus nerve function and nucleus?

A

pharyngeal muscles; nucleus ambiguus

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8
Q

GVE branch of vagus nerve function and nucleus?

A

thoracic and abdominal viscera larynx; dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

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9
Q

GSA branch of vagus nerve function and nucleus?

A

meninges, pharynx, larynx; spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract

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10
Q

GVA branch of vagus nerve function and nucleus?

A

thoracic and abdominal viscera stretch receptors in aortic arch chemoreceptors in aortic bodies; solitary nucleus and tact

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11
Q

Corticobulbar tract for trapezius _____ crosses over.

A

LMNs

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12
Q

Corticobulbar tract for SCM LMNs stays on the __________ side.

A

ipsilateral

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13
Q

Do UMN’s of the trapezius also cross the midline?

A

yes; remember it is part of the corticospinal tract

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14
Q

What 3 CN exit the skull through the jugular foramen?

A

IX, X and XI

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15
Q

CN ___ innervates the intrinsic musculature of the tongue.

A

CN XII

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16
Q

UMN projections to the LMNs in the brainstem nucleus of CNXII are bilateral, except the LMNs to _________.

A

genioglossus

17
Q

What muscle causes protrusion of the tongue?

A

genioglossus

18
Q

In an UMN of the hypoglossal nerve, the tongue deviates to __________ side of the lesion.

A

contralateral

19
Q

In a LMN of the hypoglossal nerve, the tongue deviates to the ________ side of the lesion.

A

ipsilateral

20
Q

The lateral zone of the reticular formation processes ________ information.

A

afferent

21
Q

The medial zone of the reticular formation processes _________ information.

A

efferent

22
Q

What are the two intrinsic systems of the brainstem?

A
  1. reticular formation

2. CPG’s

23
Q

The ventral tegmental area = ________.

A

dopaminergic

24
Q

The locus ceruleus = ________.

A

noradrenergic

25
Q

The Raphe nuclei = _________.

A

serotonergic

26
Q

Where are the breathing centres that modulate respiratory pattern located in the brainstem?

A

medulla

27
Q

Where are the breathing centres that are active during expiration and inspiration located?

A

rostral spinal cord

28
Q

The ________ ________ is in control of movement.

A

substantia nigra

29
Q

The _______ _____ _______ projects to prefrontal cortex, limbic structures, nucleus accumbens.

A

ventral tegmental area

30
Q

__________ signalling = locus ceruleus in the pons; projects to thalamus and forebrain.

A

noradrenergic signalling

31
Q

________ _________ = raphe nucle in the ponsi; projects to thalamus, cortex, BG, brainstem

A

serotonergic signalling

32
Q

___________ = tegmentum of pons, project to thalamus and cortex; strengthen output from thalamus to cortex

A

ACh

33
Q

_______ = tegmentum of midbrain, project to thalamus and cortex; general arousal and alertness

A

histamine