Spinal 2 Wk 5

Question 1

The greatest range of flexion - extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?

Answer 1

Typically C5/C6

Question 2

What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?

Answer 2

Lateral bending and axial rotation.

Question 3

Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?

Answer 3

The C5/C6 vertebral couple.

Question 4

What is the morphology of the superior articular facet of C1?

Answer 4

They are elliptical, closer together in front and often demonstrate an elevation subdividing the facet surface into two separate surfaces.

Question 5

What are the morphological characteristics of the inferior articular facet of C1?

Answer 5

Asymmetrical, slightly concave or flattened.

Question 6

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C1?

Answer 6

BMD

Question 7

What is the name of the rounded elevation of the medial aspect of the lateral mass of C1?

Answer 7

Tubercle of the transverse atlantal ligament

Question 8

What muscles attach to the lateral mass of C1?

Answer 8

Levator scapula, splenius cervicis and rectus capitis anterior.

Question 9

What is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch to the skin in each gender?

Answer 9

Males: ~50 mm
Females: ~37 mm

Question 10

What attaches to the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of C1?

Answer 10

Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle and ligamentum nuchae.

Question 11

With regard to ossification of the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament, what is the gender bias, bone classification, amount of ossification, amount of ossification and general percent in the population?

Answer 11

Male: accessory bone, complete ponticulus posticus, 15%
Female: accessory bone, partial ponticulus posticus, 26%

Question 12

What are the osseous parts of the transverse process of C1?

Answer 12

Costal element, posterior tubercle, true transverse process.

Question 13

What muscles attach to the transverse process of C1?

Answer 13

Rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis, middle, scalene, levator scapula, splenius cervicis, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior and intertransversarii muscles.

Question 14

What is the gender measurements of the transverse diameter of C1?

Answer 14

Males: 78 mm

Females 72 mm

Question 15

What is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C1 to the skin for each gender?

Answer 15

A little over 30 mm for both genders.

Question 16

What joint classifications are observed at C1?

Answer 16

Amphiarthrosis syndesmosis, diarthrosis ellipsoidal, diarthrosis trochoid, diarthrosis arthrodia

Question 17

What is the name given to the odonoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior?

Answer 17

Kyphotic dens

Question 18

What joint classifications are present at the vertebral body of C2?

Answer 18

Amphiarthrosis syndesmosis, diarthrosis trochoid, modified diarthrosis sellar and amphiarthrosis symphysis.

Question 19

What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2?

Answer 19

Membrana tectoria.

Question 20

What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2?

Answer 20

The superior articular process.

Question 21

What attaches to the lamina of C2?

Answer 21

Obliqua capitis inferior muscle, posterior atlanto-axial ligament ligamentum flavum.

Question 22

What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2?

Answer 22

BUL

Question 23

What is the gender variation for the trransverse diameter of C2?

Answer 23

Males: 57 mm
Females: 50 mm

Question 24

What name is given only to C7?

Answer 24

Vertebra prominens.

Question 25

What is the segment and gender bias for vertebrae other than C7 becoming the vertebral prominence?

Answer 25

C6 is more common in females and T1 is more common in males.

Question 26

How many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 26

8

Question 27

What muscles attach to the transverse process of C7?

Answer 27

Middl scaline, iliocostalis thoracis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, rotators, intertransversarii and levator costarum brevis.

Question 28

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C7?

Answer 28

FMD

Question 29

What muscles attach to the spinous process of C7?

Answer 29

Trapeiua, rhomboid minor, serratus mposterior superior, splenius capitis, spinalis capitis, spinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis.