Spinal 2 Wk 2

Question 1

What is the general shape of the vertebral body at each region of the spine?

Answer 1

Cervical - rectangular
Thoracic - triangular
Lumbar - reniform

Question 2

What is the name given to the cartilage found at the superior and inferior surface of a developing vertebral body?

Answer 2

Superior epiphyseal plate, inferior epiphyseal plate

Question 3

What are the ages of appearance and events occurring at each step in the formation of bone at the superior and inferior surface of the vertebral body?

Answer 3

ages 7-9 years, appearance of epiphyseal plate centers of ossification
age 12 years, formation of the epiphyseal ring
ate 15 years, formation of the epiphyseal rim

Question 4

What is the generic orientation of the pedicle at each region of the spine?

Answer 4

Cervical - posterolateral
Thoracic - Poaterior, slight lateral
Lumbar - Posterior

Question 5

What classification of bone will para-articular processes represent?

Answer 5

Accessory bone

Question 6

What is the name given to the overlap of laminae seen on x-ray?

Answer 6

shingling

Question 7

What is the name given to the lamina - pedicle junction at each region of the spine?

Answer 7

Cervical - articular pillar,

Thoracic and Lumbar - pars interarticularis

Question 8

What is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transversre apophysis at each region of the spine?

Answer 8

Cervical - anteriolateral
Thoracic - posterolateral
Lumbar - Lateral

Question 9

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region?

Answer 9

The growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward.

Question 10

What is the name given to the joint formed by the articular facets of a vertebral couple?

Answer 10

The zygapophysis

Question 11

What names are given to the part of the vertebra which supports the front of the zygapophysis?

Answer 11

The superior articular apophysis, the superior articular process, or the pre-zygapophysis.

Question 12

What will form the posterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 12

The inferior articular process/post-zygapophysis, the supeior articular prosess/pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament, and the ligamentum flavum.

Question 13

What will form the superior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 13

In the inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure.

Question 14

What will form the anterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?

Answer 14

The vertebral body of the segment above, the vertebral body of the segment below, the intervertebral disc, and the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Question 15

What is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/spinous apophysis?

Answer 15

Calculate the angle formed between the undersurface of the spinous process/spinous apophysis and the horizontal plane.

Question 16

What is the name given to the normal overlap of spinous processes or spinous apophysises as seen on x-ray

Answer 16

imbrication

Question 17

What is the typical shape/outline of the vertebral foramen at each reagion of the spinal column/ vertebral column.

Answer 17

Cervical - Triangular
Thoracic - oval
Lumbar - triangular
Sacral - triangluar

Question 18

Identify the meninges of the spinal cord/spinal medulla/medulla spinalis.

Answer 18

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 19

Name and locate each space formed between the osseous vertebral foramen and the spinal cord spinal medulla/medulla spinalis.

Answer 19

Epidural space - between the vertebral foramen and the dura mater
Subdural space - between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater
Subarachnoid space - between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

Question 20

Which of the contents of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

Answer 20

Anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
Anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
Basiverebral vein
Recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Hoffman ligaments

Question 21

What is the name given to the fluid within the subdural space?

Answer 21

Serous fluid

Question 22

What is the name given to the fluid with the subarachnoid space?

Answer 22

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

What are the branches of the spinal artery?

Answer 23

Osseous arteries, 
anterior spinal canal artery, 
posterior spinal canal artery, 
anterior medullary feeder arteries, 
posterior medullary feeder arteries,
neural arteries.

Question 24

Which branches of the spinal artery are typically given off in he epidural space.

Answer 24

Osseous arteries,
anterior spinal canal artery,
posterior spinal canal artery

Question 25

What forms the arterial vasa corona above C3?

Answer 25

Right and left anterior spinal arteries, Right and left posterior spinal arteries, and 4 communicating arteries

Question 26

What forms the arterial vasa corona below C6?

Answer 26

A median anterior spinal artery, right and left posterior spinal arteries, and 3 communicating arteries.

Question 27

Which vessel will supply the dorsal/posterior nerve root ganglion?

Answer 27

Posterior distal radicular artery.

Question 28

What are the branches of the arterial vasa corona?

Answer 28

Pial perforating arteries, central/ventral/sulcal perforating arteries, anterior proximal radicular arteries, posterior proximal radicular arteries.

Question 29

What arterial vasa corona branches supply about two thirds of the spinal cord?

Answer 29

Ventral/central/sulcal perforating arteries.

Question 30

Which vessels form the venous vasa corona?

Answer 30

Right and left anterior longitudinal veins, right and left posterior lonitudial veins, and 4 communicating veins.

Question 31

What venous vessels are identified in the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 31

Intervertebral veins.

Question 32

The continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris is called?

Answer 32

Filum terminale internum

Question 33

What is the location and name given to the area where all meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column?

Answer 33

Typically S2, the dural cul-de-sac

Question 34

What are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each?

Answer 34

C3-T1 - Cervical enlargement | T9-T12 - Lumbar/lumbosacral enlargement.

Question 35

What is a generic cord level of origin - vertebral level combination of the lumbar/lumbosacral enlargement?

Answer 35

L1, L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra L3, L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra L5, S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra S2, S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

Question 36

What is he caudal end of the spinal cord called

Answer 36

Conus medullaris

Question 37

The last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram?

Answer 37

Cruciate anastomosis.

Question 38

What is the name given to the caudal attachment of the meninges?

Answer 38

Coccygeal medullary vestige.

Question 39

What is the name given tot he condition where the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened?

Answer 39

Tethered cord syndrome.