Speech Production

Question 1

Central Nervous system

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord
give info out

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

cranial nerves
sensory nerves
getting info from environment

Question 3

afferent

Answer 3

bring info to cns

Question 4

efferent

Answer 4

away from cns

Question 5

neuron

Answer 5

building block (brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves)

Question 6

all or nothing principle

Answer 6

relates to nerves
nerve fires all together to transmit info and won’t stop

Question 7

nerve

Answer 7

bundle of neuron fibers

Question 8

respiration

Answer 8

breathing powers
lungs produce energy

Question 9

phonation

Answer 9

production of voice
larynx modifies airstream to produce voice

Question 10

articulation

Answer 10

vocal tract movements
vocal tract modulates airstream using articulators

Question 11

larynx

Answer 11

protect trachea from foreign substances

Question 12

active articulators

Answer 12

lips, uvula, tongue, glottis

Question 13

lungs

Answer 13

pulmonic air

Question 14

diaphragm

Answer 14

changes thoracic volume

Question 15

resonator

Answer 15

something vibrates because of something else

Question 16

Boyles law

Answer 16

volume increase pressure decrease
volume decrease pressure increase

Question 17

lung expansion

Answer 17

volume increase
pressure decrease (negative)

Question 18

lung contraction

Answer 18

volume decrease
pressure increase (positive)

Question 19

breathing

Answer 19

equal inhale and exhale

Question 20

speech breathing

Answer 20

10% inhale 90% exhale

Question 21

ventilation

Answer 21

moving air into and out

Question 22

volume of air greater in ___

Answer 22

speech breathing

Question 23

__ breathing has more automaticity

Answer 23

quiet breathing

Question 24

inspiration for __ takes up less of total respiratory cycle

Answer 24

speech breathing

Question 25

In __ inspiration is equal to expiration

Answer 25

quiet

Question 26

tidal breathing

Answer 26

relaxed breathing

Question 27

tidal volume

Answer 27

air exchanged during quiet respiration

Question 28

resting lung volume

Answer 28

38%

Question 29

active forces

Answer 29

muscle contractions

Question 30

passive forces

Answer 30

gravity elastic recoil surface tension

Question 31

what do the passive forces represent?

Answer 31

the relaxation pressure to bring breathing system to equilibrium point

Question 32

when is relaxation pressure positive

Answer 32

decrease lung volume

Question 33

when is relaxation pressure negative

Answer 33

expands lung volume

Question 34

relaxation curve

Answer 34

pressures generated by elastic recoil forces at different vital capacity levels

Question 35

pressures above 60% vital capacity

Answer 35

too great to sustain phonation

Question 36

checking action

Answer 36

inhibiting relaxation pressure using inspiratory muscles

Question 37

between 60% vital capacity and RLV

Answer 37

sustain speech with active muscle contraction and passive relaxation pressure

Question 38

below RLV

Answer 38

sustain speech with active muscle contraction

Question 39

average rate of breathing

Answer 39

12-20 breaths/min

Question 40

tidal breathing-expiratory phases

Answer 40

40% inspiration 60% expiration

Question 41

breath group (phrase)

Answer 41

number of words or syllables spoken on one exhalation

Question 42

where does breathing arise from?

Answer 42

medulla oblongata

Question 43

motor control

Answer 43

phrenic and intercostal nerves and other spinal nerves

Question 44

pulmonic airstream

Answer 44

initiator = lungs egressive directed outward ingressive directed inward

Question 45

glottalic airstream

Answer 45

initiator = glottalic closure egressive larynx move up and oral closure release ingressive larynx lower and oral closure release

Question 46

velaric airstream

Answer 46

initiator = velar closure ingressive only making clicks with tongue