consonants

Question 1

which is primarily an open cavity and which is constricted?

Answer 1

open = vowels
constricted = consonants

Question 2

which is greater in intensity?

Answer 2

vowels

Question 3

which is longer in intensity?

Answer 3

vowels

Question 4

which has lower frequencies?

Answer 4

vowels

Question 5

which carries the power of speech?

Answer 5

vowels

Question 6

which delivers intelligibility?

Answer 6

consonants

Question 7

voiced consonants

Answer 7

periodic

Question 8

voiceless consonants

Answer 8

aperiodic

Question 9

90% of acoustic energy carries 10% of the meaning

Answer 9

vowels

Question 10

10% of acoustic energy carries 90% of the meaning

Answer 10

consonants

Question 11

consonants

Answer 11

expelling air
constricting the airflow

Question 12

place

Answer 12

where sound is made

Question 13

manner

Answer 13

how sound is made
plosive
fricative
affricate
nasal
liquid
glide

Question 14

voice/voicing

Answer 14

vibration of vocal folds

Question 15

active articulators

Answer 15

articulators that move
lips
uvula
tongue
glottis

Question 16

passive articulators

Answer 16

articulators that do not move
palate
alveolar ridge
velum
teeth
epiglottis
pharynx

Question 17

which are the resonant consonant groups?

Answer 17

liquids
glides
semi vowels

Question 18

semi vowels

Answer 18

liquids/glides
formant structures
lack nuclei

Question 19

glides

Answer 19

recognizable by acoustic changes caused by movements of articulators

Question 20

non nasal phonemes

Answer 20

produced with closed velopharyngeal port
antiresonances

Question 21

nasal phonemes

Answer 21

open velopharyneal port

Question 22

nasal

Answer 22

voiced
occlude oral cavity with open velopharyngeal port

Question 23

nasal formant structures

Answer 23

syllabic
have significant constriction

Question 24

acoustic evidence for manner

Answer 24

nasal murmur = very low f1
low energy for all formants
f2, f3, vary

Question 25

fricatives

Answer 25

narrow constriction
little to no formant structure
resonating activity is anterior to constriction

Question 26

voiceless fricatives

Answer 26

frication noise is sole source

Question 27

acoustic evidence for place of articulation

Answer 27

lingual alveolar is higher frequencies than lingual-palatal

Question 28

fricative formants

Answer 28

shift through the frication noise of /f/ and /v/ as the vowel moves from the /I/ to the /u/

Question 29

stops four acoustic cues

Answer 29

silence
burst noise
voice onset time burst to onset of voicing
post stop vowel formant transition

Question 30

silence (stop gap)

Answer 30

occlusion to release

Question 31

voiceless stops

Answer 31

complete silence

Question 32

voiced stops

Answer 32

varying amount of silence
voicing is low amplitude due to damping

Question 33

aspiration

Answer 33

brief hiss of air
occurs sometimes after voiceless stops, never after voiced

Question 34

release burst

Answer 34

transient burst noise upon release of the occulsion and impounded air
broadband grey

Question 35

affricate

Answer 35

stop with fricative release
spectrogram presents with a stop and fricative characteristics

Question 36

antiresonance

Answer 36

takes away from resonances
mostly found in nasals

Question 37

formant transition

Answer 37

transition cues, related to co-articulation.
when both passive and active articulators are activated because they are moving on the next sound

Question 38

voice onset time

Answer 38

in a stop consonant its the period of time between the release of the energy and the voicing

Question 39

voiced stop consonants

Answer 39

negative

Question 40

non voiced stop consonants

Answer 40

positives