Acoustics

Question 1

speech science

Answer 1

analysis and measurement of all components of the processes involved in production and reception of speech

Question 2

speech

Answer 2

series of sounds strung together

Question 3

how is speech described

Answer 3

pitch
loudness
duration

Question 4

acoustics

Answer 4

study of sound, including origin transmission modification and effects of vibration

Question 5

perception

Answer 5

awareness of a stimulus

Question 6

frequency

Answer 6

Hz
pitch
cycle/sec

Question 7

intensity

Answer 7

dB
loudness

Question 8

sound is produced when

Answer 8

energy
vibrating source
medium of transmission

Question 9

psychological phenomenon of sound

Answer 9

hearing something

Question 10

physical phenomenon of sound

Answer 10

vibration of molecules

Question 11

are sound waves present even if no one is there to hear them?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

sine wave

Answer 12

pure tone w/ simple harmonic motion

Question 13

cycle

Answer 13

completion of one compression and one rarefaction

Question 14

wavelength

Answer 14

length of one complete cycle of a wave

Question 15

amplitude

Answer 15

greatest distance a mass moves from its position of rest

Question 16

waves

Answer 16

the succession of molecules being shoved together and pulled about

Question 17

compression

Answer 17

molecules being shoved together

Question 18

rarefaction

Answer 18

molecules being pull apart

Question 19

transverse waves

Answer 19

perpendicular
oscillate up and down

Question 20

longitudinal waves

Answer 20

parallel
oscillate back and forth

Question 21

simple sound

Answer 21

one frequency

Question 22

complex sound

Answer 22

more than one frequency

Question 23

simple harmonic motion

Answer 23

smooth and symmetrical movement

Question 24

complex tone

Answer 24

more than one frequency

Question 25

periodic complex tone

Answer 25

pattern repeats itself vowels

Question 26

aperiodic complex tone

Answer 26

random pattern fricative

Question 27

periodic complex tone consists of

Answer 27

Fo is the lowest frequency harmonics

Question 28

harmonics

Answer 28

whole number multiples of Fo

Question 29

spectrum

Answer 29

put frequencies and intensities in a spectrum further away from Fo, you lose energy

Question 30

Fourier analysis

Answer 30

combine waveforms determine frequency and amplitude of individual waveforms

Question 31

period

Answer 31

secs/cycle reciprocal of frequency

Question 32

low frequencies have ___ wavelengths

Answer 32

long

Question 33

high frequencies have ___ wavelengths

Answer 33

short

Question 34

Mel scale

Answer 34

pitch more accurate (linear) at lower frequencies

Question 35

phase

Answer 35

relationship in time between waves

Question 36

velocity

Answer 36

speed sound travels 344 m/s

Question 37

intensity

Answer 37

force (dB) greater force = greater intensity = greater amplitude perceived as loudness

Question 38

dB SPL

Answer 38

20(log) Po/Pr

Question 39

dB SPL reference

Answer 39

.0002 dynes/cm2

Question 40

dB IL

Answer 40

10(log) Po/Pr

Question 41

dB IL reference

Answer 41

10^-16 watts/cm2

Question 42

decibel features

Answer 42

ratio nonlinear scale uses logarithm

Question 43

inverse square law

Answer 43

double the distance = subtract 6 dB

Question 44

resonance

Answer 44

forced vibration

Question 45

resonator

Answer 45

something starts vibrating because of something else

Question 46

forced resonance

Answer 46

sound directly contacts resonator making it vibrate

Question 47

cavity resonance

Answer 47

air in a cavity vibrates b/c of sound source

Question 48

source filter theory

Answer 48

source = vocal folds filter = vocal tract