Exam 2: Respiration/Phonation Flashcards
Aerodynamic portion of theory
airstream from the lungs and Bernoulli’s effect occurs which is when there is a build up in sub glottal pressure which blows open the vocal folds to equalize pressure
myoelastic portion of theory
mechanical factors of the muscle when the vocal folds snap back into place because of elasticity. the cycle continues as pressure builds up, blows open the folds and returns to adducted position
breathing cycles
A indicates:
someone is hyperventilating
breathing cycles
D indicates
person is producing long speech utterance on one breath
breathing cycles
E indicates
greatest amount of expiratory muscle contraction
where does the pulmonic airstream originate
lungs
cricothyroid muscle
tilt larynx and adduction
posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
abduction
transverse arytenoid muscle
adduction
thryoarytenoid muscle
adduction
temporal lobe
audition
language formulation
frontal lobe
decision making
motor commands
parietal love
sensory
occipital lobe
vision
brainstem
speech breathing
when diameter of vocal cords increase like what occurs during puberty, frequency of voice
decreases
although tension overrides this aspect, when vocal folds are lengthened the frequency
decreases
when vocal cords increase in tension like what happens when the larynx is moved a certain way, frequency of the voice
increases
females fundamental frequency approximates
200 hz
name of the space between vocal folds is
glottis
the larynx and articulators are capable of producing the following types of sounds
mixed
simple periodic
complex periodic
complex aperiodic
describe functions of larynx
protection: prevent aspiration with laryngeal reflex
respiration: vocal folds abduct and glottis is open for airstream
phonation: larynx acts as valve, vfs abduct and adduct
in production, brooks area is responsible for
executing commands for motor areas for speech
which cranial nerve innervates laryngeal muscles
X
the mechanics for breathing follow this law of physics. name and describe this law
Boyles law: volume varies inversely with pressure being exerted. during inspiration when the lungs are expanding volume increases and pressure decreases making it negative with air rushing in. during expiration the lungs contract, volume decreases and pressure increases making it positive and air is rushing out.
which of the following is a type of phonation
falsetto
this laryngeal muscles forms the vocal folds
thyroarytenoid
larynx lowered, oral closure
glotallic ingressive
used in exceptional cases like as in an element of surprise
pulmonic ingressive
used in African languages and results in clicking sound
velar ingressive
impossible to produce and not used
velaric egressive
larynx moved upward and oral closure
glotallic egressive
used for most all sounds in english
pulmonic egressive
describe body cover model
Cover refers to mucous which is elastic and flexible, transition part of model is vocal ligament itself, body part is the thyroarytenoid muscle which is stiff and tough
put in order from least adducted to most abducted
whisper
breathy
normal phonation
creaky
volume of air during inspiration shows more variation
speech breathing
equal inhale and exhale
quiet breathing
average breathing rate is 12-20 breaths per min
speech and quiet breathing
inspirations takes up less of respiratory cycle
speech breathing
more automaticity
quiet breathing
where does phonation originate
vocal folds
the auditory visual illusion illustrates how humans process sensory information for speech sounds when the visual and auditory input do not match. the visual system takes precedence. what is the name of this illusion
mcgurk effect
tidal breathing is __for inspiratory phase and __ for expiratory phase
40%, 60%
which lobe is wernickes in
temporal
the auditory cortex is located in
both hemispheres
the ___ muscles of larynx refers to muscles that control vocal muscles
intrinsic
the vocal folds are attached to the
attached at front of thyroid and back of arytenoids
