Speech Production (1-3) Flashcards
What is a lemma
no form or pronunciation
you know the specific meaning of a word and maybe some grammatical features but not the word itself
Describe conceptual focusing
its the starting point of speech production
- thinking for speech (focusing on a concept)
- selection of perspective (talking about a chair to the right or left of you or the listener)
- theory of mind: ability to imagine the listeners knowledge
What’s a lemma model
its a feed forward system (one way)
it explains the process of thought to speech
lexical nodes bind together semantic features of concepts
What are the two parts of the lemma model
1) Lexical selection: focusing on a concept and picking a lemma (characteristics)
2) Form encoding: finding the phonological codes for the concept and mapping it onto a word for articulatory production
4 tasks involved in brain imaging studies for the lemma model
1) picture naming
2) associative word generation
3) word reading
4) pseudo word reading
all involve different processes and different parts of the lemma model
Conceptual focusing experiment
pic naming and word gen. in block condition vs. mix condition
anterior temporal region: nodes tying together features
high activation in left IFG (Broca) during block condition probably due to repetition priming (seeing the same stimulus in the mix condition)
Lemma Selection Experiment
Pic naming and word gen vs. word and pseudo word reading (driven by lemma selection vs. not)
left mid MTG activated (links phonological structure to semantic structure)
stimulation of MTG did not effect pic naming (output) but it did effect word comprehension (input)
Retrieval of morphemic phonological codes experiment
Pic naming and word gen, word reading vs. pseudo word reading- finding phonological codes
Left posterior STG/STS (Wernicke), MTG, left anterior insula and SMA activated
Prosodification and syllabification experiment
there’s syllabification in all 4 tasks
activated left post. IFG suggested to be involved in syllabification of a word
Phonetic encoding and articulation
see DIVA model
Self Monitoring
lemma model has 2 feedback loops
1) external: acoustic signal from own voice
2) internal: syllabification process
word production vs. word comprehension
-activation in posterior 2/3’s of bilateral temp. region for both loops
Is there really a lemma model for speech production
the model is not compatible to patients who have semantic errors in speech (but not in written speech)
SOLUTION: direct connection from semantics to phonological or orthographic representations = no lemmas
they remain controversial
Is there really a lemma model for speech production
the model is not compatible to patients who have semantic errors in speech (but not in written speech)
SOLUTION: direct connection from semantics to phonological or orthographic representations = no lemmas
they remain controversial
What’s the DIVA model
synthesized speech
model integrating speech science, computer science and cognitive science
tries to recreate human speech
What are the two components of DIVA
1) produces the sound (receives input and abstract word form is mapped to physical word form)
2) what we want to say (target) - checking to make sure what we said matches what we wanted to say
