Kyle's lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main components of the brain?

A

Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Forebrain made up of?

A

-cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus (part of the limbic system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Midbrain made up of?

A

tectum and tegmentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Hindbrain made up of?

A

cerebellum, pons and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The midbrain, pons, and medulla are often referred to as the ____

A

brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the four lobes of the brain:

A

-Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the Frontal Lobe do and where is it located?

A
  • associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
  • located at the front of the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the Parietal Lobe do and where is it located?

A
  • associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
  • located in the middle section of the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the Occipital Lobe do and where is it located?

A
  • associated with visual processing

- located at the back portion of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the Temporal Lobe do and where is it located?

A
  • associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
  • located on the bottom section of the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

-It connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Limbic System also known as?

A

“Emotional Brain”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the four parts of the limbic system:

A

• Hypothalamus, Thalamus, Amygdala, Hippocampus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the Hypothalamus?

A

-Emotion, thirst, hunger, homeostasis, circadian rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the Thalamus?

A

-sensory/motor function, relay system for sensory input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the Amygdala?

A

-memory, emotion and fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus?

A

-learning and memory

18
Q

What is the function of the Cerebellum?

A

-This structure is associated with regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance

19
Q

What are the three parts of the brainstem?

A

-medulla, pons and midbrain

20
Q

What is the function of the midbrain?

A

-vision, hearing, eye movement, and body movement

21
Q

What is the function of the medulla?

A

-breathing and heartrate

22
Q

What is the function of the pons?

A

-motor control and sensory analysis, consciousness and sleep

23
Q

What is the function of Wernicke’s Area?

A

• Involved in the understanding of written and spoken language (comprehension)

24
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area?

A

• Located in the posterior section of the Superior Temporal Gyrus in the dominant cerebral hemisphere

25
Damage to Wernicke's area results in ...
fluent aphasia
26
What is the function of Broca’s Area?
• Involved in speech production
27
Where is Broca's area?
• Formed by the pars triangularis and pars opercularis in the inferior frontal gyrus usually in the dominant hemisphere
28
Damage to this Broca's area results in...
non-fluent aphasia (expressive aphasia)
29
Name a few common Speech Disorders:
-Apraxia of Speech, Developmental Verbal Dyspraxia, Dysarthria
30
Name a few Language Disorders/Impairments:
-Specific Language Impairment (SLI), Dyslexia, Aphasia
31
What is apraxia?
-a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, in which someone has difficulty with the motor planning to perform tasks or movements when asked
32
What do rostral and caudal refer to?
rostral: Towards the head or mouth caudal: Towards tail end of the body
33
What do ventral and dorsal refer to?
ventral: Towards the belly or ground dorsal: Towards the back or spine
34
What do anterior and posterior refer to?
* Anterior: In front of | * Posterior: Behind
35
What do superior and inferior refer to?
* Superior: Above | * Inferior: Below
36
What does Subcortical refer to?
-relating to or denoting the region of the brain below the cortex
37
Ipsilateral: Contralateral:
Ipsilateral: Same side Contralateral: Opposite Side
38
* Proximal: | * Distal:
Proximal: close to point of reference Distal: Far from point of reference
39
* Efferent: | * Afferent:
* Efferent: projecting away from reference | * Afferent: Projecting towards reference
40
* Lateral: | * Decussate:
* Lateral: Far from midline | * Decussate: Cross midline (X)
41
• Cranial:
towards head of body
42
* Midline: | * Medial:
* Midline: separating left and right | * Medial: Near midline