Specific Immunity

Question 1

wht area makes blood cells

Answer 1

bone marrow

Question 2

where do b cells mature

Answer 2

bone marrow

Question 3

where do t cells mature

Answer 3

thymus

Question 4

what is the role of non-specific

Answer 4

prevent pathogens from infecting and causing disease
contain infection until specific immunity can clear
present antigens- dendritic cells and macrophages

Question 5

what are exogenous antigens

Answer 5

outside body
bacteria, protozoa, free viruses, toxins

Question 6

what are endogenous antigens

Answer 6

produced within cells of body
proteins from replicating viruses
proteins from intracellular bacteria
tumor antigens

Question 7

what are autoantigens

Answer 7

molecules on normal cells-self-antigens
immune cells normally eliminated
autoimmune disease- not eliminated

Question 8

what are b cells

Answer 8

reside in spleen and lymph nodes, malt, some circulate
secrete antibdies

Question 9

what are antibodies

Answer 9

proetins with antigen binding sites
neutralization
opsonization
agglutination
complement

Question 10

what is igm

Answer 10

first antibody produces

Question 11

what is igg

Answer 11

most abundant and soluble
can cross placenta

Question 12

what is iga

Answer 12

mucosal membranes, resists degradation
(neutralization)

Question 13

what is ige

Answer 13

mast cells
parasites and allergies

Question 14

what is MHC class 1

Answer 14

found on all nucleated cells
presents endogenous antigens to T cells (cytotoxic)

Question 15

what is MHC class 2

Answer 15

found on dendritic cells, macrophages, and b cells
presents exogenous antigens to T cells (helper)

Question 16

what is a t cell receptor

Answer 16

only recognizes antigen attached to MHC

Question 17

what are helper t cells (MHC 2)

Answer 17

help regulate b cells and cytotoxic t cells
secrete cytokines- direct immune response
activate majority of b cells
direct immune response
activate and recruit innate wbcs

Question 18

what are cytotoxic t cells (MHC 1)

Answer 18

kill abnormal infected cells
kill cancer cells
apoptosis
recognizes MHC class 1

Question 19

b and t cells upon recognition of antigen will…

Answer 19

multiply or proliferate

Question 20

what do memory plasma cells continuously secrete

Answer 20

antibodies

Question 21

what is the intital response

Answer 21

7-14 days

Question 22

what is the memory response

Answer 22

2-6 days

Question 23

what ist type 1 hypersenitivity

Answer 23

ige antibody bound to mast cell
mast cells release many chemicals, histamine being a major player
causes inflammation
smooth muscle constriction
increase in mucus

Question 24

what is type 4 hypersensitivity

Answer 24

t cell response
antigen is uptaken by APCs
delayed 1-3 days
can cause both cell damage and inflammation
ex. poison ivy

Question 25

what is acquired immunity

Answer 25

naturall acquired active
naturally acquired passive
artificially acquired active
artificially acquired apssive

Question 26

who vaccinated in 1796

Answer 26

edward jenner

Question 27

who vaccinated in 1879

Answer 27

louis pasteur

Question 28

what is active immunization

Answer 28

attenuated live vaccines (modified live)
not for pregnant or immunosuppresed

Question 29

what is inactivated

Answer 29

whole agent
sub units
adjuvants