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BIO 185 > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is ecology

A

relationship btwn organisms and their enviornment

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2
Q

what is microbial ecology

A

microbes interacting with other microbes
microbes interacting with other organisms

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3
Q

what is mutulaism

A

both benefit
ex. termites and protozoans that digest cellulose

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4
Q

what is commensalism

A

one benefits the other is not affected
normal flora

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5
Q

what is microbial antagonism

A

production of bacteriocides or just competition for resources

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6
Q

what is parasitism

A

disease, one benefits at the others expense
ex. tapeworm

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7
Q

what is an example of mutualism

A

lichens

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8
Q

what is an example of commensalism

A

clow fish and anemone

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9
Q

what is an example of parasitism

A

hookworm

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10
Q

where are the most microorgansims on our body

A

gut

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11
Q

where is the 2nd most microorganisms on our body

A

mouth

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12
Q

what sites are without microorganisms

A

blood
lymph
spinal fluid
internal tissues and organs

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13
Q

when does e coli become dominant

A

after birt

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14
Q

what is resident flora

A

adaptive to live inside you
permanent residence
don’t produce disease
microbial antagonism (maintains balance)

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15
Q

what is transient flora

A

temporary
unable to compete with indigenous microflora

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16
Q

what is destruction of indigenous microflora

A

microbial antagonism
candida albicans (yeast infections occur when for some reason this species is allowed to grow out of control)
c dif (antibiotic treatment cause) normally kept in check by indigenous microflora

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17
Q

what is contamination

A

some remain at initial site and become part of normal flora
some transient
infection- become established

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18
Q

what are portals of entry

A

skin
mucous membranes

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19
Q

whaat is adhesion of microbes

A

adhesion factors
protozoa and helminths- hooks, suckers, disks
bacteria- adhesins (ligands)
viruses- attachment proteins (ligands)

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20
Q

what is attatchment to host

A

receptor molecules
prevention of infection

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21
Q

what are symtoms

A

subjective

22
Q

what are signs

A

objective

23
Q

what is asymptomatic or subclinical

A

not severe enough to define symptoms

24
Q

what is eitology

A

cause

25
Q

what is LD50

A

lethal dose that would kill 50% of test population

26
Q

what is ID50

A

infectious dose- test popultion infected

27
Q

what is the pathogenicity of shigella

A

<10/mL

28
Q

what is the pathogenicity of vibrio

A

10^8/mL

29
Q

what are extracellular enzymes

A

hyaluronidase and collagenase
coagulase- forms blood clots
kinases- breaks clots

30
Q

what are toxins

A

exotoxins- secreted
endotoxins- not really a toxin

31
Q

what are the exotoxins

A

cytotoxins- cell
neurotoxins- nerves
enterotoxins- gi tract

32
Q

what are endotoxins

A

lipid of LPS
death of bacteria

33
Q

what are the stages of disease

A

incubation
prodormal
illness
decline
convalescense

34
Q

what is the incubation period

A

no signs or symptoms

35
Q

what is the prodromal period

A

vague general symptoms

36
Q

what is the illness period

A

most severe s&s

37
Q

what is the decline period

A

declining s&s

38
Q

what is the convalscence period

A

no s&s

39
Q

what is the only eradicted disease

A

small pox

40
Q

what are the source of infectious diseases in humans

A

animal reservoirs
human reservoirs
non-living reservoirs (soil, water, food, fomites- hospital bedding)

41
Q

what is contact transmission

A

direct
indirect
droplet

42
Q

what is vehicle transmission

A

airborne
waterborne
foodborne

43
Q

what is vector transmission

A

mechanical
biological

44
Q

what is direct contact

A

human to human

45
Q

what is indirect contact

A

intermediate
toys, toothebrushes, etc

46
Q

what is droplet transmission

A

sneezing

47
Q

what is waterborne

A

streams and swimming pools

48
Q

what is foodborne

A

poultry, seafood, meat

49
Q

what is mechanical

A

on insect bodies
flies and roaches

50
Q

what is biological

A

lice, mites, mosquitoes, ticks
got bit

BIO 185 (19 decks)

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