Cell Structure and FX Flashcards
what is the difference btwn eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
eukaryotes have a nucleus
characteristics of chromosomes in eukaryotic cell
packed b histones
usually more than 1
diploid
linear
what does the ER do
transport and modify proteins
what does the golgi complex do
modifies proteins and adds sugar groups
what do ribosomes do
manufacture immature proteins
what is the size of the small ribosome subunit of a euk cell
40
what is the size of a large ribosomal subunit of a euk cell
60
what is the size of a total euk ribosome
80
what is the cell wall of plants and algae made of
cellulose
what is the cell wall of fungi made of
chitin
do eukaryotic cells have endospores
no
do eukaryotic cells have pili
no
what is the cell coat of prokaryotic cellsmade of
glycocalyx- sugar
what are the functions of prok cells
sliding mvmts on some surfaces
protection against phagocytosis
what is the cell wall of a prok cell made of
peptidoglycan
what plays an important role in classification of bacteria
cell wall
characteristics of gram positive organisms
stain- purple
thick pg (25nm)
completely cross linked (strong)
teichoic acid
characteristics of gram neg organisms
stain- red
thin pg (10nm)
incompletely cross-linked (weak)
extra layer- LPS similar to cell membrane
where does respiration occur in prok cell
cytoplasm and cell membrane
how many chromosomes does bacteria have
1
what are the characteristics of prok chromosomes
circular
haploid
plasmids are autonomous (grow independently)
what is the size of a small ribosome subunit of a prok cell
30
what is the size of a large ribsome subunit of a prok cell
50
what is the total size of a prok ribosome
70
what are the types of flagella
monotrichous
lophotrichous
amiphitrichous
peritrichous
what is monotrichous
1 flagella
what is lophotrichous
more than 1 flagella on 1 end
what is amphitrichous
2 flagella but 1 on each end
what is peritrichous
flagella all over
what are axial filaments
flagella wraps around
is bacillus spp aerobic or anearboci
aerobic
is clostridium spp aerobic or anaerobic
anaerobic
what are endospores related to
bacteria
do euk or prok cells have a capsule or slime layer
prok
what do antibiotics do
attack features of prok cells not found in euk cells
what does penicillin do
break down cell wall
what does tetracycline attack
30s subunit of ribosome
