Controlling Growth In-Vivo Flashcards
who discovered penicillin
alexander flemming
what is nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
preventing making RNA and DNA
nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
nucleoside analogs
block DNA replication
other modes
extremely limited
anti-virals and chemo
what is cell wall synthesis inhibition
most common:
prevent formation of peptidoglycan
beta-lactams- penicillin and derivatives
what is protein synthesis inhibition
next most common:
common to euks and proks
80s vs 70s ribosomes
what is plasma membrane injury
change permeablilty (creates pores)
antifungal drugs- combine with sterols
polymyxin B, miconazole
outer LPS membrane (gram neg bacteria)
popular antibiotics
penicillin
cephalosporins
vancomycin
tetracycline
what is penicillin
50 related compounds
semi-synthetic- broader spectrum, more resistant to penicillinase
penicillinase (gene)- the protein that inactivates penicillin
what are cephalosporins
70 related compounds- similar to penicillin
what is vancomycin
cell wall action- relatively toxic
G+ only, too large to pass through outer membrane of G-
what is tetracycline
braod spectrum- used for many infectiosn
what is MRSA
methicillin resistant staph aureas
most nosocomial infections are MRSA
vancomycin drug of choice
MRDO
what is VRE
vancomycin resistant enterococcus
what is an MRDO
multidrug resistant organism
what are the 4 ways acquired resistance can occur
mutation
conjugation
transduction
transformation
what is mostly contributing to drug resistance
pts dont take full course of antibiotics
