Specialized cells

Question 1

What is the structure and function of the red blood cell? (2)

Answer 1

Structure – biconcave disc, contains Hb, no nucleus

Function – transports oxygen around body

Question 2

What is the structure and function of the Neuron/ nerve cell? (4)

Answer 2

Structure – many branches called dendrites, long axon to pass on messages to other nerve cells and a cell body/soma

Function – transmit messages around body through electric impulses

Question 3

What is the structure and function of the phagocyte? (2)

Answer 3

Structure – variable shape, lobed nucleus, pseudopodia(temporary projections of the cytoplasm of a cell

Function – engulf disease causing organisms (pathogens) in the blood at sites of infection.

Question 4

What is the structure and function of the lymphocyte? (2)

Answer 4

Structure – large, round nucleus which controls production of antibodies, non-granular cytoplasm

Function – produces antibodies which protect body against pathogens

Question 5

What is the structure and function of the smooth muscle (2)

Answer 5

Structure – elongated, shape changes to spindle shape when contracting

Function – movement

Question 6

What is the structure and function of the sperm cell? (2)

Answer 6

Structure – head, middle piece, tail

Function – pass on genetic information from father to offspring (male gamete)

Question 7

What is the structure and function of the ovum? (2)

Answer 7

Structure – largest cell in human body, jelly coat, usual organelles

Function – pass on genetic information from mother to offspring (female gamete)

Question 8

What is a specialized cell?

Answer 8

A specialized cell is one which has a unique structure to allow it to carry out a particular function. Both plants and animals have specialized cells.

Question 9

What is the name of the micro-organism that can cause diseases?

Answer 9

Pathogens