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Term 2 > Special Needs Final > Flashcards

Special Needs Final Flashcards

1
Q

Chlamydia transmission perinatal?

A

Conjunctivitis
Pneumonia
Preterm delivery

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2
Q

Bacterial STI’s

A
  • chlamydia
  • gonorrhea
  • syphilis
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3
Q

Viral STI’s

A
  • HPV
  • genital warts
  • herpes simplex virus
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4
Q

Parasite STI’s?

A

Trichomonisis

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5
Q

HSV - 1

A

Occurs above the waist (mouth, nose, eye)

Herpetic gingivostomatitis
Herpes labialis

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6
Q

HSV-2

A

Occurs below the waist (genitalia)

Genital herpes

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7
Q

Congenital syphilis

A 
Stillbirth
Hutchinsons incisors
Mulberry molars
Cornea problems
Deafness

If untreated: developmentally delayed, seizures or death

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8
Q

Oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS

A

Oral candidiasis

  • pseudomembranous (thrush)
  • erythemtous or atrophic
  • hyperplastic
  • angular cheilitis
Lymphadenopathy
Hairy leukoplakia on lat border of tongue
Kaposis sarcoma
Linear gingival erythema
Oral wart
HIV
Erythemtous (red round patches on roof of mouth)
Exudative tonsilitis
Oral ulcers
NUG, NUP
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9
Q

Hepatitis A and how is it transmitted?

A

Transmitted from contaminated food, water of shellfish

Acute liver diseSe

Organs affected- liver & spleen
Not chronic

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10
Q

Hep B and transmission

A

Liver disease

Acute or chronic

Transmitted by punctures or mucosal contact with blood, saliva or semen

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11
Q

Hep C and transmission

A

Most common chronic bloodborne infection in the U.S.

TRANSMISSION- needle sticks, drug users. Etc. less likely- sex, exposure to infected blood

Chronic.

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12
Q

Hep D and transmission

A

Aka delta hepatitis

Unrelated to Hep A B or C

Acute and chronic

Uncommon in the U.S.

TRANSMISSION- occurs only as a co infection with acute HBV or as a superinfection in carriers of HBV.

Percutaneous (needle) or mucosal contact of blood.

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13
Q

Hep E and transmission

A

Acute. Does not become chronic unless on immunosuppressive tx for organ transplant.

TRANSMISSION- fecal- oral route. Usually contaminated drinking water
Person to person is also possible but rare.

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14
Q

Gonorrhea transmission perinatal?

A

Blindness
Joint infection
Blood infection

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15
Q

Who gets pernicious anemia?

A

People who have inadequate diet or impaired absorption.

Pregnancy, hyperparathyroidism, disseminated cancer

Gastritis

Primarily affects people over 40.

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16
Q

What is pernicious anemia?

A

Deficiency of vit B 12

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17
Q

Signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia?

A 
Fatigue
Weakness
Tingling or numbness of fingers and toes
Palpations
Syncope
Difficulty walking
Lack of coordination
Mental confusion
18
Q

What types of medications treat pernicious anemia?

A

Vit B12 injections twice weekly until condition is controlled then monthly indefinitely.

19
Q

Oral findings of pernicious anemia?

A 
Glossitis
Loss of filiform papilla
Sensitive to hot or spicy foods
Painful swallowing
Pale atrophic gingiva and mucousa similar to Vit B deficiency.
20
Q

What is sickle cell disease?

A

A hereditary form of hemolytic anemia resulting from a defective hemoglobin molecule.

21
Q

who gets sickle cell disease?

A

It’s an autosomal recessive trait disorder (2 parents contributing)

The most common genetic disorder of the blood.

Primarily African America and white populations of Mediterranean origin.

22
Q

Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease?

A

Appear after 6 months when hemoglobin has matured.

Impaired growth and development

23
Q

Sickle cell disease treatment?

A

Supportive and plastics treatments

Penicillin for prophet and new transfusion regimens

24
Q

Oral findings from sickle cell disease,

A

Pallor tissues
Jaundice
Delayed eruption, malocclusion and dentin hypomineralization
Facial and dental pain.

25
Q

What is polycthemias?

A

An increase in number and concentration of RBC

26
Q

What is leukemia?

A

Malignant neoplastic disorder causing an increase in WBC

27
Q

Who gets leukemia?

A

Combination of genetic and environmental

-chronic exposure to chemicals or ionizing radiation.

28
Q

Oral findings in leukemia?

A 
Purpurin spots
Gingival hemorrhage 
Gingival enlargement
Blunted papilla, odor, necrosis
Pallor tissues
Candidiasis, herpetic infection
Toothache from invasion in pulp
Tooth mobility
29
Q

Leukemia treatment

A

Chemo
Antibiotic
Drug and radiation therapy
Transfusions

30
Q

Symptoms of leukemia

A 
Slow onset
Weight loss
Fatigue
Enlarge lymph nodes and spleen
Petechiae on the skin with nodules of leukemic cells
Bone fractures
31
Q

What is hemophilia A?

A

Classic hemophilia. Reduced amount of factor VIII

32
Q

What is hemophilia B?

A

Christmas disease. Deficiency of a blood plasma protein factor IX. It affects the clotting properties of blood

33
Q

Who gets hemophilia A and B?

A

X linked recessive genetic diseases. Occurs primarily in males

34
Q

What is Von willebrands disease?

A

Form of hemophilia characterized by prolonged bleeding time in the presence of a normal platlet count.

35
Q

Who gets Von willebrabnds disease,

A

Both males and females

36
Q

Radiation oral findings

A 
Xerostomia
Alteration of taste
Mucositis/ stomatitis
Infection
Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
Trismus
Impaired nutrition
Fatigue
Hearing loss
Radiation caries
  Osteonecrosis
37
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Loss of minerals and bone mass. Bones more susceptible to fracture.

38
Q

How to prevent osteoporosis?

A

Calcium intake during adolescence and early adulthood.

Vit D

Load bearing exercise

39
Q

Signs and symptoms of osteoporosis

A

Fracture
Swelling
Joint pain
Kyphosis (exaggerated curve of the spine)

40
Q

Kyphosis

A

Exaggerated curve of the spine.

41
Q

Treatment of osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonates

42
Q

Common causes of blindness

A

Cataracts
Glaucoma
Diabetic retinopathy
Macular degeneration

Term 2 (21 decks)

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