Perio Ch 9, 5 Flashcards
The way that the body responds to periodontal pathogens is known as the??
Host response
What is the prime purpose of the human immune system?
To defend the life of the individual (host), not to preserve the tooth or its supporting periodontal tissues
Inflammatory mediators of importance in periodontal disease are?
Cytokines
Prostaglandins
Matrix meralloproteinases (MMPs)
______ Signal to the immune system to send more phagocytes to the site of infection
Cytokines
What cytokines are important in periodontal disease?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha
What can initiate tissue destruction and bone loss in chronic infections, such as periodontal disease?
Cytokines
What are powerful inflammatory mediators?
Prostaglandins
Which cells can produce prostaglandins?
Macrophages
PMNs
Gingival fibroblasts
Prostaglandins of the E series (PGE) initiate most of what?
The alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis
MMPs are produced by which various cells of the body?
PMNs
Macrophages
Fibroblasts
JE cells
In health, MMPs facilitate what?
Normal turnover of the periodontal connective tissue matrix
MMPs are released in attempt to what?
Kill invading bacteria
Over production of MMPs result in breakdown of what?
Connective tissue of the periodontium
High MMP levels result in what?
Extensive collagen destruction of periodontal tissues and without collagen the tissues of gingiva, PDL, and supporting alveolar bone degrade
Results in gingival recession, pocket formation and tooth mobility
T/F everyone who has periodontal pathogens will get periodontal disease?
FALSE
Over production of inflammatory mediators do what instead of being protective?
Destroys periodontal tissues
Complex interactions between _____ and _____ determine the onset and severity of periodontal disease?
Periodontal pathogens and host response
What are the phases of microscopic changed in periodontal disease?
- early bacterial accumulation phase
- early gingivitis (plaque over growth phase)
- periodontitis (tissue destruction phase)
T/F individuals with undiagnosed of uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to have periodontal disease than those without diabetes?
TRUE
The rate of periodontal disease in diabetic patients is ___ times greater than in non diabetics
2-3
The presence of periodontal pathogens alone is _____ to cause the tissue destruction seen in periodontitis?
Insufficient
