Spc 12: Skeletal System

Question 1

5 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

1. Protection of vital organs
   Staying safe is important in sport and the skeleton play a key role. E.g. the skull protects the brain and the ribs protect the internal organs, including the heart.
2. Muscle attachment
   The muscles you use in sport need strong points to attach to and bones provide that framework. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
3. Joints for movement
   Joints allow the body to make a variety of movements. Some are small movements, like getting a grip of a javelin and larger ones, such as throwing a javelin,
4. Storing calcium and phosphorus
   The bones act as a store for calcium and phosphorus, two minerals that are vital for developing and maintaining the strong and healthy bones you need for exercise. The best sources for both minerals are
   milk, cheese and yoghurt. Phosphorus helps to reduce muscle pain after exercise.
5. Red and white blood cell production
   When the oxygen content drops, or the number or red blood cells

Question 2

What bones are in the torso (5)

Answer 2

Clavacal
Sternum
Scapula 
Ribcage
Pelvis

Question 3

What bones are in the Arm (6)

Answer 3

Ulna
Humerus
Radius
Phalanges
Metatarcles
Carples

Question 4

What bones are in the Legs (7)

Answer 4

Tibia
Fibula
Tarcles
Metatarcles
Phalanges
Patela
Femur

Question 5

What bones are in the Spine (5)

Answer 5

Coccyc 
Lumbar 
Thoracic
Scapula
Cervical

Question 6

Long bones

Answer 6

Long bones are longer than they are wide They don’t have to
be big, small bones like finger bones (phalanges) count as long
bones. A long bone has a shaft and two ends.ie bones are vital to generate movement, strength and speed They usually act as levers. When they are pulled by Different muscles, they enable the body to move.

Question 7

Short bones

Answer 7

Short bones are generally the same size in length, width and
thickness. The only short bones in the body are the carpals
(cufts) in the wrist and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
in sport
Short bones are usually associated with weight baring, shock
absorption and spreading loads. They play a key role in activities
Lie jogging, playing tennis or dancing.

Question 8

Condyloid joint

Answer 8

A condyloid joint is similar to a ball and socket joint, but the ball rests against the end of a bone, rather than inside a socket. This allows circular motion.
A example is when dribbling or shooting in basketball

Question 9

Ball and socket joint

Answer 9

In a ball and socket joint, the rounded head of a long bone fits into a cup-shaped hole. Both the hip and the shoulder joints are a ball and socket joints. With the hip, the femur fits into the pelvis; with the shoulder, the lomg humerus fits into the scapula.

Question 10

Pivot joint

Answer 10

Allows bones to rotate. In a pivot joint one bone shaped like a cylinder rotates insie another bone or ligament that makes a ring around it. You have three pivot joints in your body: in your wrist, elbow and neck.
This could be used when swimming to rotate your head above water to catch a breath.

Question 11

Hinge joint

Answer 11

A joint that only allows backwards and foward motion.