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WSET Level3 > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Vino de Pago?

A
  1. single estate with high reputation
  2. may use their own grapes
  3. must be vinified and matured on their estate
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2
Q

Classification

A

Vino de la Tierra > Vino de Calidad on Indication Geografica (VC) > Denominación de Origen (DOCa)

Vino de Pago

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3
Q

What is the main grape used in La Mancha

A

Airen

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4
Q

What is the majority estate in La Mancha

A

Vino de Pago

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5
Q

Describe La Mancha

A
  1. largest DO in Spain
  2. hot continental climate as it cut off from maritime influence
  3. More Cencibel+Airen is planted + international varieties
  4. mainly inexpensive wine
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6
Q

Name the sweet fortified wine in Valencia

A

Moscatel de Valencia

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7
Q

What is Rias Baixas most planted grape?

A

Albarino

  • thick-skin = resist fungal disease
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8
Q

Describe Riax Baixas

A
  1. moderate maritime climate dominated by Atlantic weather system = mildew and hot = vine diseases
  2. vines are trained on pergolas or trellising system = encourage air circulation
  3. Albarino = thick-skinned = resist fungal disease
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9
Q

What is Graciano

A
  1. black grape
  2. high valued-grape
  3. part of the blend in Rioja (fine wine)
  4. concentrated black fruit aromas, acidity, tannins = give structure
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10
Q

Describe Grancha

A
  1. low-yield old vines
  2. produce intense, complex, full-bodied red
  3. high alcohol, used for rosados in Spain
  4. mature early
    ( > 50% Rioja entry level)
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11
Q

Describe Tempranillo

A
  1. thick-skinned grape, medium level of acidity
  2. best is summer temperature, moderated by summer altitude
  3. hot climate with high alcohol temperature range = wine with low acidity
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12
Q

Why Priorat is sold in premium price?

A
  1. steep slope = mechanization is impossible = expensive and time consuming to manage the vineyards
  2. best vines are in older bush vine = bring concentration to the grape but yield is small = expensive
  3. best soil = llicorella = low fertility = help to ripening by conserving heat = complexity of the wines

Supplementary:
1. Long, hot and dry summer with low annual rainfall and cool night temperature
2. hot continental climate (dual climate and variation)
5. mainly Grenache + Carinena

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13
Q

Why Priorate mainly use Grenache and Carinena to blend?

A
  1. Garnacha: low-yield old vines enable to produce an intense, complex full-bodied wine = richness and structure
  2. Carinena: high acidity, high tannin, deep colour when it achieves full ripeness
  3. Grenacha and Carinena = late ripening variety = achieve good level of ripeness in Priorat

After blending:
Carinena: deeper colour, more tannin structure, high acidity

Grenacha: more red fruit flavours and softness

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14
Q

which grape does Jumilla and Yecla usually use?

A

Monastrell
- thick-skinned, deeply coloured, full-bodied, high tannin and alcohol, low-medium acidity, ripe black fruit flavour

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15
Q

Name the grape that Navarra usually use.

A
  1. Tempranillo
  2. Cabernet Sauvignon
  3. Merlot
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16
Q

Name the grape that Bierzo usually use.

A

Mencia
- elegant, high acidity, red fruit aromas

17
Q

what is the ageing requirement of Rioja Gran Reserva

A

red: 60 months aging, 18 months in barrel
white: 48 months aging, 6 months in barrel

18
Q

what is the ageing requirement of Rioja Reserva

A

red: 36 months aging, 12 months in barrels
white: 24 months aging, 6 months in barrel

19
Q

Describe the grape the Toro use.

A

Tempranillo
- full-bodied = intense fruits flavour + high alcohol

20
Q

Describe Ribera del Dureo

A
  1. best region from high-quality Tempranillo
  2. cut off from any maritime climate = short, hot and dry summers + cold winters
  3. cool night-time temperature throughout the year
  4. some vineyards planted over 850m = wide diurnal
  5. Tempranillo = deep colour + high tannins + concentrated flavours = good fresh fruit flavours and acidity
21
Q

Describe the climate in Rias Baixas

A
  1. moderate maritime climate
  2. dominated by Altantic system
  3. Vine diseases such as rot are a common problem due to humid condition
22
Q

Most white wine in Rias Biaxas are light, unbaked style. Name the two wine making techniques that can enhance flavour and texture

A
  1. use of oak = add extra flavour to the wine
  2. lees stirring = extra touch of texture to the wine
23
Q

Rioja produce wide range of style. Explain how winemaking approached may affect the character of the wines from this region

A

Grapes:
Tempranillo offer tannin structures
Granacha offers body and alcohol

Fermentation:
Early drinking: semi-carbonic maceration = red fruit character
High quality: designed for long term maturation = destemmed and crushed. Extended extraction and different cap management produce different style of wine

Oak ageing:
French or American oak for a different period of time
New oak ageing: more spicy aroma
Eg. Gran Reserve: 60 months, 24 months in oak

WSET Level3 (27 decks)

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