Space

Question 1

First 3 stages of lifecycle of star for all types of star

Answer 1

Nebula
Protostar
Main sequence star

Question 2

2 different types of star in lifecycle if a star (they each take a different route after the main sequence star)

Answer 2

Stars similar size to sun
Massive stars

Question 3

Life cycle of star similar size to sun following nebula, protostar and main sequence star

Answer 3

Red giant
White dwarf
Black dwarf

Question 4

Life cycle of massive star (following nebula, protostar and main sequence star)

Answer 4

Red supergiant
Supernova
Black hole/ neutron star

Question 5

Which size star has this lifecycle: Nebula- protostar- main sequence star- Red giant- white dwarf- black dwarf

Answer 5

Stars similar size to sun

Question 6

Which size star has this lifecycle: nebula- protostar- main sequence star- red supergiant- supernova- black hole/ neutron star

Answer 6

Massive stars

Question 7

What is the nebula

Answer 7

Cloud of dust and gas
Starts to collapse due to gravity
First part in formation/ life cycle of star

Question 8

Facts about main sequence star

Answer 8

Core approximately 15 million degrees
Hydrogen starts to fuse to form helium
Equilibrium of forces (gravity pulling in, radiation pressure of fusion pulling out)

Question 9

Facts about red supergiant

Answer 9

Helium and other light nuclei fuse up to iron (iron is the heaviest one that will fuse)

Question 10

2 key words to describe neutron star

Answer 10

Very hot
Very dense

Question 11

Key fact about black hole star

Answer 11

Very strong gravitational field

Question 12

Key fact about red giant star

Answer 12

Helium fuses into large nuclei

Question 13

What process causes red supergiant to become a supernova

Answer 13

Red supergiant collapses

Question 14

What causes red giant to become a white dwarf

Answer 14

It runs out of helium to fuse

Question 15

Key facts about white dwarf star

Answer 15

There’s no more fusion
It’s just cooling down

Question 16

What happens that makes a main sequence star become a red giant (for stars similar size to sun)

Answer 16

Main sequence star eventually runs out of hydrogen

Question 17

In which 3 stars only is helium relevant

Answer 17

Main sequence star (hydrogen fuses to form helium)
Red supergiant (helium fuses with other light nuclei up to iron)
Red giant (helium fuses into larger nuclei)

Question 18

Which is the only star that involves hydrogen

Answer 18

Main sequence star
Hydrogen fuses to form helium

Question 19

The Milky Way has how many stars

Answer 19

200 billion

Question 20

What is our solar system made up of

Answer 20

The sun (a star) and all the objects that orbit it (8 planets, dwarf planets, moons (natural satellites that orbit planets)

Question 21

What galaxy is our solar system part of

Answer 21

The Milky Way

Question 22

What allows orbiting objects around the sun in our solar system to maintain circular paths

Answer 22

Gravity

Question 23

Due to gravity what shape do objects orbiting the sun in our solar system have

Answer 23

Circular

Question 24

Example of natural satellite

Answer 24

The moon

Question 25

2 types of satellites that orbit planets like the Earth in our solar system

Answer 25

Natural (e.g moon) Artificial

Question 26

2 types of orbit for satellites

Answer 26

Polar Geostationary

Question 27

Polar vs geostationary orbit for satellltes

Answer 27

Geostationary- satellite remains above fixed point on Earth as it orbits e.g above your house Polar orbit- satellite doesn't stay above fixed point on Earth (so has good coverage of earth and is good for spying/ satellite images)

Question 28

Are higher orbit or lower orbit satellites closer to the earth

Answer 28

Lower orbit (Think lower orbit means lower down so they're closer)

Question 29

Which is faster higher orbit or lower orbit satellites

Answer 29

Lower orbit (They orbit closer to the Earth so have to go less far)

Question 30

True or false, satellites have a particular speed

Answer 30

True Although for different satellites it's different e.g higher orbit satélites move slower whilst lower orbit satellites move faster

Question 31

What is dark matter

Answer 31

'Hidden mass' It makes galaxies much bigger than the sum of their star and planets' masses

Question 32

What is dark energy

Answer 32

Theory to explain why galaxies are accelerating away from each other

Question 33

Dark energy is the theory to explain what

Answer 33

Why galaxies are accelerating away from each other

Question 34

What did the Big Bang theory suggest

Answer 34

The universe began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense

Question 35

2 key things that are strong evidence for the big gang theory (that the Universe began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense)

Answer 35

Observed redshift of galaxies Discovery of Cosmic Microwave background radiation (CMBR)

Question 36

What is the red shift effect

Answer 36

There is an observed increase in wavelength of light from most distant galaxies because galaxies are receding. The further away the galaxies from earth, the faster they are moving and there is a bigger increase in wavelength

Question 37

What force causes stars to expand

Answer 37

Fusion

Question 38

Dark energy explains why galaxies are...

Answer 38

Acclerating away from each other