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GCSE Physics > Particles > Flashcards

Particles Flashcards

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1
Q

Is a change of state physical or chemical

A

Physical- no new substances produced
(Mass always stays same)

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2
Q

How to calculate density

A

Density = mass/ volume

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3
Q

What is density measured in

A

Kg/ m cubed

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4
Q

What is the temperature of a substance based on

A

Average kinetic energy of its particles

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5
Q

True or false, temperature changes during change of state

A

False- it doesn’t change

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6
Q

What is internal energy

A

Total kinetic and potential energy of particles in substance

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7
Q

What is potential energy

A

How far away particles are
More heat= particles further away= more potential energy

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8
Q

What is density a measure of

A

How much mass there is in a given volume of a substance
Density= mass/ volume

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9
Q

What special piece of equipment is used to find volume of irregular object

A

Eureka can

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10
Q

Name of change of state from gas to solid

A

Deposition

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11
Q

Name of change of state from solid to gas

A

Sublimation

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12
Q

Sublimation vs deposition

A

Both= changes of state
Deposition= gas to solid
Sublimation= solid to gas

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13
Q

Evaporation vs boiling (both changes of state from liquid to gas)

A

Evaporation:
No bubbles
Happens at surface of liquid
Happens at temperatures below boiling point

Boiling:
bubbles
Happens throughout liquid
Only happens at boiling point temperature

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14
Q

Why does temperature increase when a substance is heated (without changing its state)

A

Particles gain kinetic energy and move faster
This increases temperature as temperature is average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance

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15
Q

What is specific latent heat

A

Energy required to change state of 1kg of substance without changing its temperature

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16
Q

Examples of specific latent heat

A

Boiling water
Melting ice
Thermoregulation (sweat evaporating)

17
Q

2 types of specific latent heat

A

Fusion (melting/ freezing)
Vaporisation (boiling/ condensing)

18
Q

Which needs more energy, specific latent heat of fusion or vaporisation

A

Vaporisation

19
Q

Equation linking specific latent heat, energy and mass

A

Specific latent heat = energy/ mass

20
Q

Specific latent heat of fusion meaning

A

Energy required to melt/ freeze 1kg of substance without changing its temperature

21
Q

Specific latent heat of vaporisation meaning

A

Energy required to boil/ condense 1kg of substance without changing its temperature

22
Q

What is pressure in a gas created by

A

Particles colliding randomly with walls of container and exerting a force
They collide at right angles to container walls
They move in straight lines but randomly

23
Q

Relationship between pressure and temperature (when mass and volume of gas in sealed container is constant)

A

Pressure increases proportionally to temperature

24
Q

Relationship between pressure and volume of gas (at fixed mass and constant temperature)

A

Inversely proportional
If volume doubles then pressure halves etc

25
Q

Which out of chemical and physical changes can easily be reversed

A

Physical but not chemical

26
Q

True or false, mass remains constant during both chemical and physical changes

A

True

27
Q

Why does pressure increase if temperature of gas increases in sealed container (volume is constant)

A

Particles move faster so hit surfaces with more force
Number of these impacts per second increases so more overall force

28
Q

Equation linking pressure, volume and constant

A

Pressure= constant/ volume

29
Q

Why does temperature of gas increase when it’s compressed quickly

A

Requires force to be applied to gas so work is done on gas
This energy gained by the gas isn’t transferred quickly enough to the surroundings

30
Q

Latent heat of vaporisation vs fusion

A

Fusion is energy required to melt
Vaporisation is energy required to evaporate

31
Q

Particles in a gas are constantly moving in… directions at… speeds

A

Random

32
Q

Explain why if volume of fixed mass of gas at constant temperature decreases pressure increases

A

Particles travel less far to collide with walls of container
So more impacts (collisions) per second and total force of impact increases

Vice versa if volume increases where pressure would then increase

33
Q

Equation linking pressure, volume and constant

A

Pressure x volume = constant
(Pressure and volume are inversely proportional)

GCSE Physics (22 decks)

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