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CMS- Certified > South America & South Africa > Flashcards

South America & South Africa Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Name the two largest geological features of Chile?

A

Andes Mountains & Pacific Ocean

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2
Q

Name the 6 DO’s of Chile (N-S)

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Valle Central
  • Sur
  • Austral Region
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3
Q

describe Chile’s climate

A

moderating maritime influence on the coast yet very hot & dry inland

general mediterranean climate

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4
Q

name the two regions in Chile that are dry & desert-like

A

Atacama & Coquimbo

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5
Q

what type of wine do Atacama & Coquimbo usually make?

A

Pisco & distillation not general fine wine

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6
Q

describe the climate of the Valle Central

A
  • South of Santiago
  • Proximity to the Andes cools nighttime temps
  • along the coast the cold, maritime Humboldt current cools the vines
  • irritation is still essential
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7
Q

Chilean wine law

A

75% rule but most producers adhere to 85% rule for EU Exports

11.5% minimum alcohol

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8
Q

What is min alc for Reserva & Reserva Especial in Chile?

A

12% & Reserva Especial must be aged in oak

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9
Q

what is the minimum alc for Reserva Privada & Gran Reserva in Chile?

A

12.5% & Gran Reserva must be aged in oak

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10
Q

what are the main grapes of Chile?

A
  • Cab Sauv
  • Sauv B (Sauv Vert)
  • Merlot
  • Chardonnay
  • Carmenere
  • Syrah
  • Pais
  • Pinot Noir
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11
Q

what is the northernmost wine growing region in Chile?

A

Atacama

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12
Q

Describe the wine of Atacama in Chile?

A
  • only possible through irrigation

- generally distilled

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13
Q

what are the two sub-regions of Coquimbo in Chile?

A
  • Elqui & Limari

- limestone soils

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14
Q

what is the soil type of the Aconcagua in Chile?

A

alluvial

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15
Q

what are the two most notable sub-regions of the Aconcagua

A

Casablanca & San Antonio

-located along the coast & some fo the coolest winemaking zones in Chile

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16
Q

what is Errazuriz

A
  • one of Chile’s most prominent estates
  • within the commune of Panquehue
  • “Sena” is a Bdx Blend that placed ahead of Chateau Lafite & Chateau Margaux in the 2004 Berlin tasting
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17
Q

what time of wine is Casablanca known for?

A

fresh, crips, fruity Sauv B & Chardonnay

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18
Q

what is Chile’s oldest & most established winemaking region?

A

Valle Central

19
Q

name the sub-regions of Valle Central from N-S

A

Maipo Valley, Rapel Valley, Curico, Maule Valley

20
Q

what is the MOST famous winemaking area within Chile?

A

Maipo Valley

21
Q

who is the largest producer in Chile?

A

Concha y Toro within the Valle Central

22
Q

name the three sub-regions of Sur in Chile (N-S)

A
  • Itata
  • Bio Bio
  • Malleco (southernmost)
23
Q

what does Costa, Entre Cordilleras & Andes mean on a Chilean wine label?

A
  • Coast
  • Mountains
  • between mountains
24
Q

Describe the major geological effects of Argentina?

A
  • effects of the Zonda
  • vineyards on plains & foothills of Andes
  • high elevation
25
Q

what is the Zonda

A

-a fierce, dusty, hot afternoon wind that blows down the mountains in the late spring & early summer

26
Q

what is the climate of Argentina?

A

continental

27
Q

what is the soil type in Argentina

A

loose alluvial

28
Q

name the most common grapes in Argentina

A

Malbec, Torrontes, Banarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Merlot, Tempranillo, Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc

29
Q

what is Bonarda

A

Charobono in US or Corbeau in Savoie

30
Q

geographically where is South Africa

A

southernmost tip of Africa, surrounded by Indian & S. Atlantic Ocean

31
Q

name the main regions of South Africa

A
  • Breede River Valley
  • Cape South Coast
  • Coastal Region
  • Klein Karoo
  • Olifants River (Western Cape)
32
Q

name the 6 GI’s of South Africa

A
  • Western Cape (most productive)
  • Northern Cape
  • Eastern Cape
  • Kwazulu-Natal
  • Limpopo
  • Free State
33
Q

what is the climate of the Western Cape in South Africa

A

mediterranean moderated by Benguela Current & Cape Doctor winds

34
Q

name the grapes of South Africa

A
  • Chenin Blanc
  • Chardonnay
  • Sauv B
  • Muscat of Alexandria (Hanepoot)
  • Colombard
  • Muscadel
  • Viognier
  • Semillon
  • Pinotage
  • Merlot
  • Cab Franc
  • Shiraz
  • Pinot Noir
35
Q

what is the soil of the historic Constantia vineyard in S. Africa

A

decomposed granite with some of the worlds most ancient soils

36
Q

what is the IPW?

A

Integratedf Production of Wine Scheme (IPW):

sustainability guidelines for agricultural, manufacturing, worker safety, wastewater, carbon emissions, etc.

37
Q

How does S. Africa define its regions? Largest to Smallest?

A 
Geographical Unit
Region
District
Ward
Single Vineyard
38
Q

what are the 9 districts of the Coastal Region in S. Africa

A 
Stellenbosch
Paarl
Cape Town 
Tulbagh
Darling
Franschhoek Valley
Lutzville Valley
Wellington
Swartland
39
Q

what is the most prominent district within the Coastal Region in S. Africa

A

Stellenbosch

40
Q

describe Stellenbosch

A
  • cradled by three major peaks: Simonsberg, Stellenbosch & Helderburg
  • maritime influenced similar but warmer than Bordeaux
  • Warwick Estate “Trilogy”
41
Q

describe Breed River Valley in S. Africa

A
  • 1/2 of Semillon production is here

- 3 districts

42
Q

describe Klein Karoo in S. Africa

A
  • arid inland

- fortified & sweet wine production

43
Q

describe Olifants River in S. Africa

A
  • bulk wine
  • S. Africa’s highest elevation vineyard
  • S. Africa’s largest co-op winery, Vredenal
44
Q

describe Cape South Coast in S. Africa

A
  • 7 districts

- Walker Bay has highest quality Pinotage

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