some med terms from previous quizzes and Q & A Flashcards
describe acromegaly
- endocrine disorder
- occurs when pituitary gland produces excess amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty
- a person with this disease is of normal height but bones and soft tissue in the hands, feet, and face grow abnormally
this disease occurs with development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins and hemolytic blood diseases
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
what is laparoscopy?
a form of minimally invasive surgery and is defined as visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope.
what is a tracheotomy?
the process of cutting or making an incision into the trachea (windpipe). a tracheotomy is an incision into the trachea to open it below a blockage.
**this is not to get confused with tracheostomy which is opening the trachea and inserting a tube
know Rh condition/factor
page 119
an irregularity in a structure or organ is called a what?
congenital anomalies
signs or symptoms that appear together to produce a typical clinical picture of a disease or inherited abnormality is known as what
a syndrome
a diagnosis technique using ultrasound waves to produce the image of a tissue or organ
ultrasonography
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
ascites
difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
What is Crohn’s disease?
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon
diverticulosis
loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
ileus
gallstones
cholelithiasis
what is cirrhosis?
chronic degenerative disease of the liver
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by a virus
viral hepatitis
inserting a tube through the nose into the stomach is called what?
nasogastric intubation
MRI stands for….
magnetic resonance imaging
CT stands for…
computed tomography
inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney
glomerulonephritis
kidney stones
nephrolithiasis
many fluid filled sacs within and on the kidney
polycystic kidney disease
what is dialysis?
process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood
BUN stands for…
blood urea nitrogen
CRF stands for…
chronic renal failure
RP stands for…
retrograde pyelography
what is abruptio placentae
premature separation of the normally implanted placenta
implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location
ectopic pregnancy
implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus
placenta previa
abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache
preeclampsia
what is amniocentesis?
needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis
What is TURP and describe it
transurethral resection of the prostate. this is the excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra
bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens
vasectomy
a DRE is a ……
digital rectal examination
Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect)
spina bifida
What is AD and describe it
Alzheimer’s Disease. This is a brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia) personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning
Hereditary disease marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration
Huntington’s Disease
What is MS? describe it
Multiple Sclerosis
destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue
What is MG? describe it
myasthenia gravis. Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles
Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement
Parkinson disease (PD)
what is the common name for a cerebrovascular accident
stroke
PET stands for….
positron emission tomography
what does EEG stand for?
electroencephalogram
ICP stands for….
intracranial pressure
abnormal heart rhythms
arrhythmias
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
endocarditis
recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes
Raynaud’s Disease
what is an ECG
electrocardiography. recording of electricity flowing through the heart
DVT stands for ….
deep vein thrombosis
MI is…
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time
chronic bronchitis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally
cystic fibrosis (CF)
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
thoracentesis
what is anemia?
deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors necessary for blood clotting
hemophilia
what is leukemia
increase in cancerous white blood cells
malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
multiple myeloma
CBC stands for…..
complete blood count
separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
apheresis
AIDS stands for
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection is known as what?
osteomyelitis
what is osteoporosis?
decrease in bone density (thinning and weakening of bone)
progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone at articular surfaces
osteoarthritis (OA)
chronic inflammatory myopathy
polymyositis
what does THR stand for?
total hip replacement
taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into a joint is known as what?
arthrography
what is an arthroplasty?
surgical repair or replacement of a joint
what does EMG stand for?
electromyography
what does IM stand for?
intramuscular
what is a cyst?
thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid
what is alopecia?
absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
diffuse, acute infection of the kin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
cellulitis
what is psoriasis?
chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
malignant melanoma
what does ABCDE stand for in correlation to malignant melanoma?
Asymmetry Border Color Diameter Evolution
what is an astigmatism?
defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye
what is hyperopia?
farsightedness
what is myopia?
near sidedness
What is LASIK?
use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction
what is otitis media?
inflammation of the middle ear
tool used for looking into the ear?
otoscope
what is hyperthyroidism?
overactivity of the thyroid gland
What is hypothyroidism?
underactivity of the thyroid gland
what hormone is over active/under active in hyper or hypoparathyroidism?
parathormone
what is DM? describe it
diabetes mellitus. it is a lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch and fat
are carcinomas or sarcomas more malignant
sarcomas
a tumor having the characteristics of continuous growth, invasiveness and metastasis
malignant tumor
