Chapter 12- words to know

Question 1

listening to sounds within the body is known as what?

Answer 1

auscultation

Question 2

what is percussion?

Answer 2

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structures

Question 3

What are rales or crackles?

Answer 3

fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

Question 4

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing is known as what?

Answer 4

wheezes

Question 5

What is a croup?

Answer 5

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor

Question 6

describe asthma

Answer 6

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production

Question 7

What is bronchiectasis?

Answer 7

chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection

Question 8

inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time is know as what?
this is a type of what?

Answer 8

chronic bronchitis

type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 9

What is CF?

describe it

Answer 9

cystic fibrosis
it is an inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally
(it is a genetic disorder)

Question 10

a collapsed lung is known as what?

income expansion of alveoli

Answer 10

atelectasis

Question 11

what is emphysema?

What is it a form of? (same as chronic bronchitis)

Answer 11

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
form of COPD

Question 12

what is COPD

Answer 12

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

don’t need to know by helps slightly

Question 13

What is pneumonia?

Answer 13

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

Question 14

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles is known as what?

Answer 14

pulmonary edema

Question 15

What is PE?

describe it

Answer 15

pulmonary embolism

clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lungs

Question 16

what is mesothelioma?

Answer 16

rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura

caused by asbestos exposure

Question 17

collection of air in the pleural space is known as what?

Answer 17

Pneumothorax

Question 18

what is a chest x-ray? (CRX)

Answer 18

radiographic image of the thoracic cavity (chest film)

Question 19

what is a ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan?

Answer 19

detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas (xenon).

Question 20

in a bronchoscopy, a ________________ is used to examine the bronchial tubes

Answer 20

fiber-optic endoscope

Question 21

placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway is known as a what?

Answer 21

endotracheal intubation

Question 22

what are pulmonary function tests? (PFTs)

Answer 22

Tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs: airway function, lung volume, and the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently.

Question 23

what is thoracentesis?

Answer 23

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

Question 24

what is a thoracotomy?

Answer 24

large surgical incision of the chest

Question 25

what is a tracheostomy?

Answer 25

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck