Soil Sci Lab (Exercise 1) Flashcards
compounds that contain two different elements
binary compounds
A binary compound of a metal and a nonmetal contains?
metallic cation and non-metallic anion
How do you name binary compounds?
metal is given first then the non-metal
Ex: NaCl: sodium + chlorine = sodium chloride
What are examples of metals?
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Lithium
- Magnesium
- Calcium
- Strontium
- Barium
- Aluminum
- Iron
- Copper
- Zinc
- Silver
- Gold
- Lead
- Tin
What are examples of non-metals?
- Hydrogen
- Fluorine
- Chlorine
- Bromine
- Iodine
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Sulfur
- Phosphorus
- Carbon
- Methane
Naming Binary Compounds
- KBr
- CaO
- MgCl2
- Al2O3
- Na2S
- Potassium bromide
- Calcium oxide
- Magnesium chloride
- Aluminum oxide
- Sodium sulfide
True or False
If a compound is in a solution (dissolved in water), the compound is named acid
True
Naming Binary Compounds: Two Nonmetals
- CO
- SF₆
- PCl₅
- carbon monoxide
- sulfur hexaflouride
- phosphorus pentachloride
Naming Binary Compounds: Not Hydrogen
- CCl4
- NO2
- P2O5
- PCl3
- CO2
- carbon tetrachloride
- nitrogen dioxide
- diphosphorus pentoxide
- phosphorus trichloride
- carbon dioxide
Compounds containing three elements
ternary compounds
Ionic ternary compounds are formed by the combination of a ____ with a ____
monoatomic cation and polyatomic anion or v/v
True or False
Naming ternary compounds is the same with binary ionic compounds anion first before the cation
False
cation first before the anion
Naming ternary compounds
- NaNO3
- NH4Cl
- Fe(OH)3
- sodium nitrate
- ammonium chloride
- ferric hydroxide
Naming Oxyacids (Acids with Hydrogen + a Polyatomic Ion)
- H₃PO₄
- H₂SO₄
- H₃PO₃
- H₂SO₃
- phosphoric acid
- sulfuric acid
- phosphorous acid
- sulfurous acid
- (NH₄)₂SO₄
- NaNO₃
- CaCO₃
- Al(OH)₃
- Mg₃(PO₄)₂
- ammonium sulfate
- sodium nitrate
- calcium carbonate
- aluminum hydroxide
- magnesium phosphate
the counting unit used by chemists to indicate the number of atoms, ions, molecules, or formula units present in a chemical sample.
mole
Tells you the mass of one mole of substance. In other words, it tells you the number of grams per mole of a compound
molar mass
equal to the combining value of an arbitrarily fixed quantity of another substance in a particular reaction.
equivalent weight
Formula
Equivalent weight
Equivalent Weight = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠/𝑛−𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜r
What are the n-factors of the following:
1. HCl
2. Ca(OH)₂
- 1
- 2
The percent mass contribution of an element in a given compound
mass percentage
Formula
%𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛t
- %𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒/𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙 x 100
- %𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝐹𝑊𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙 − 𝑂𝐷𝑊𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙/𝑂𝐷𝑊𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙 x 100
Formula
FW
FW = ODW x (1 + 𝑀𝐶/100)
Formula
ODW
ODW = 𝐹𝑊/(1+ 𝑀𝐶/100 )
