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Ansc C04 Flashcards

1
Q

What enterprises can you focus on in small ruminants

A

productin of breeders
production of slaughter goats
production of chevon-based products
production of dairy-based products
marketing of forage and humus
buck for hire

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2
Q

placed last in distribution of goat inventory

A

eastern visayas

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3
Q

first in distribution of goat inventory

A

central visayas

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4
Q

what are the meat type goat breeds

A

boer & philippine native goat

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5
Q
  • small, stocky and low set
  • High diseases resistance
  • red, white or black, or combination of this colors
A

philippine native goat

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6
Q

has reddish brown head and neck with white body and legs

A

boer

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7
Q

lactation period of boer

A

200 days

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8
Q

True or False
The Philippine Native Goat has 29% twinning rate.

A

True

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9
Q

Lactation period of Philippine Native Goat

A

187 days

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10
Q

Average milk production of boer

A

1-1.5 liters

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11
Q

What is the % for kidding rate of philippine native goat

A

81%

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12
Q

What are the dairy type goat breeds

A

saanen
toggenburg
la mancha
nubian/anglo-nubian
alpine
obershali

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13
Q

known as the queen of dairy goats

A

saanen

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14
Q

sturdy vigourous and long life ; light to dark chocolate with distinct white markings and has 2 white stripes down the muzzle

A

toggenburg

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15
Q

True or False
The average milk production of Saanen is 1.7 liters

A

False. It is 2 liters

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16
Q

what is the % kidding rate and twinning incidence for anglo-nubian

A

Kidding rate = 82%
Twinning incidence = 62%

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17
Q

True or False
The lactation period for toggenburg is 300 days

A

False. Toggenburg’s lactation period is 220 days

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18
Q

La mancha’s ears are called ____ (one inch) or ____ (two inches)

A

gopher ear ; elf ear

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19
Q

Lactation period of saanen

A

280 days

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20
Q
  • Has excellent dairy temperament
  • Has short or no ears
  • Produce quality milk with high butterfat and protein over a long period of time
A

La mancha

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21
Q

True or False
La mancha can be milked for two years without being freshened

A

True

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22
Q
  • Large, proud, and graceful dairy goat
  • High quality, high butterfat, milk production
  • black, gray, cream, white shades of tan, reddish brown, facial stripes
A

anglo-nubian

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23
Q
  • Large animal with alert eyes and
    erect ears
  • Has good milking ability
  • Milk is made into butter, cheese,
    soap, ice cream
  • Has high milk nutritional content
    than Saanen
A

alpine

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24
Q

anglo-nubian can lactate for how many days

A

250 days

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25
Q
  • Sought after for its abundant production of milk
  • Light tan to deep reddish brown with
    black points
  • can also be black in color as a result of recessive genes
  • have erect ears and straight face
A

Oberhasli

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26
Q
  • Developed by Bureau of Agricultural Research (DA-BAR)
    *Standardized recording and evaluation of system was developed
    *Advertised outstanding production performance and pedigree of registered goats
A

Philippine Goat Breed
Registry

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27
Q

Meat Sheep Breeds

A

Cheviot, Dorset, Hampshire, Montadale

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28
Q

Long Wool Sheep Breeds

A

Border Leicester, Coopworth,
Cotswold, Lincoln

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29
Q

Fine Wool Sheep Breeds

A

American Cormo, Booroola Merino,
Deboullet, Delaine-Merino

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30
Q

Dual Purpose Breeds

A

Miniature Brecknock, Columbia,
Corriedale, Panama

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31
Q

Hair Sheep Breeds

A

American Blackbelly, Barbados Blackbelly,
California Red, Dorper

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32
Q

Minor Sheep Breeds

A

Black Welsh Mountain, Blueface

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33
Q
  • Has a white body and a black
    face that stands strong and square
  • A composite terminal sire breed with fast growth and ease of finishing, with improved carcase conformation
A

Aberblack

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34
Q

The aberblack breed is developed by?

A

Innovis

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35
Q
  • Distinctive for its completely black face and downturned ears
  • Produce quality lambs with good conformation and growth rates
  • Can be ready for market earlier, resulting in reduced input costs
  • It markets the females as having high milk output, hard hooves and easy lambing traits
A

Suffolk

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36
Q

True or False
The suffolk breed is developed by crossing Southdown rams and Norfolk Horn ewes in the Bury St Edmunds area of Suffolk, England

A

True

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37
Q

The breed is a total shedding breed and requires no shearing, crutching or mulesing. It is this characteristic that gives it the feature of being a unique easy care breed.

A

White Dorper

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38
Q

This breed has proven resistance to internal parasites

A

St. Croix

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39
Q

St. Croix ewes reach sexual maturity at?

A

six or seven months

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40
Q
  • meat is described as having an excellent, mild flavor, likely due to it having less fat
  • thrive in the hot, humid environments
  • Low-maintenance as it does not require shearing
A

Barbados Black Belly

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41
Q

True or False
Barbados black belly naturally sheds their wool yearly

A

True

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42
Q

What are the typical traits that goat producers are aiming for

A

Growth rate
Conformation such as feet, udder, and jaw
Frame size
Carcass and meat characteristics
Fertility and fecundity
Ease of kidding
Mothering ability
Temperament
Milk production
Physical characteristics such as skin color

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43
Q

Removal of less productive goats must be done through?

A

culling

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44
Q

Kidding interval for pure breed and native

A

pure breed = 240 days
native = 210-260 days

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45
Q

What is the estrous cycle of goats

A

18-24 days (average 21 days)

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46
Q

True or False
A goat’s estrus cycle lasts 20-40 hours

A

False. A goat’s estrus cycle is 16-50 hours

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47
Q

What is the gestation length for goats

A

147-155 days (average 150 days)

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48
Q

Age at puberty: ___
Breeding age: ____
Sexual maturity in Doe: ____

A

120 days to 1 year
8-9 months
1 year

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49
Q

the visible exterior
segment of the reproductive tract,
located beneath the tail and
immediately below the anus.

A

vulva

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50
Q

Cranial to the vagina, it is a firm structure and forms the joint between the vagina and the uterus. It is about one to one-half inches long,
contains about five cervical rings or
folds, and is referred to as the neck of
the uterus

A

cervix

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51
Q

What are the signs of heat in goats

A
  1. Bleating continuously
  2. The vulva may become swollen, reddened and may appear moist, dirty or muddy due to mucus discharge from the reproductive tract
  3. Doe urinate small amounts of urine frequently
  4. A clear, stringy mucus discharge may be seen from the vulva (may mat hair in perineal area)
  5. The doe displays restlessness
  6. Mount other goats and stand to be mounted
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52
Q

How do you properly restrain a doe to ensure it is in heat?

A

The hindquarters should be held up by holding the rear legs with flexed hocks to allow easy access to the reproductive tract.

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53
Q

Where should you apply the lubricant?

A

speculum

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54
Q

What is the purpose of applying lubricant to the speculum and inserting it into the doe’s reproductive tract?

A

to check the nature of mucus in the vagina

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55
Q

True or False
Vaginal mucus does not change during heat

A

False

56
Q

At the beginning of heat, ____ is present. As heat progresses, the mucus is ____ and found on the floor of the vagina. Towards the end of
heat the mucus is ____

A

very little mucus ; transparent ; cloudy

57
Q

When is the best time to inseminate a doe?

A

Towards the end of its heat

58
Q

The AI should be just before or when the mucus turns cloudy – usually ____ after start of heat

A

12 - 15h

59
Q

At what temperature and for how long should you thaw the straw in the thawing bath?

A

35 to 40°C ; 30 to 45 seconds

60
Q

What is the next procedure after thawing the straw?

A
  1. Remove straw from thaw bath, wipe it dry, and shake the air bubble to the end of the straw that will be cut.
  2. Load the semen straw into a warmed, dry, clean AI gun.
61
Q

True or False
Semen is best deposited deep into the cervix or uterine body.

A

True

62
Q

How far should you advance the AI gun through the rings of the cervix

A

1 to 1.5 inches

63
Q

What BCS in goats is considered in good condition

A

BCS 3

64
Q

BCS 5 or ___
Spinous process:
Rib Cage:
Loin eye:

A

Obese
1. smooth, no individual vertebra can be felt
2. individual ribs cannot be felt. No separation of ribs felt.
3. thick fat covering; may be lumpy and jiggly

65
Q

BCS 1 or ____
Spinous process:
Rib cage:
Loin eye:

A

Very thin
1. easy to see and feel, sharp
2. easy to feel and can feel under
3. no fat covering

66
Q

BCS 3 or ____
Spinous process:
Rib cage:
Loin eye:

A

Good condition
1. smooth and rounded
2. smooth, even feel
3. smooth, even fat cover

67
Q

BCS 4 or ____
Spinous process:
Rib cage:
Loin eye:

A

Fat
1. can feel with firm pressure, no points can be felt
2. individual ribs cant be felt, but can still feel indent between ribs
3. thick fat

68
Q

BCS 2 or ____
Spinous process:
Rib cage:
Loin eye:

A

Thin
1. easy to feel but smooth
2. smooth, slightly rounded, need to use slight pressure
3. smooth, even fat cover

69
Q

What is the ideal BCS for breeding buck, pregnant doe, and kidding?

A

3.0 - 3.5

70
Q

What is the ideal BCS for lactating doe

A

2.0 - 2.5

71
Q

What is the term for pregnancy toxemia in goats

A

ketosis

72
Q

True or False
Buck contributes 50 percent of the
genetic makeup of every kid born

A

True

73
Q

At what age are bucks considered an adult

A

2 years old

74
Q

A good breeding buck can mate with ___ within ___.

A

3 does ; 30 minutes

75
Q

What is the term for kidding difficulty

A

dystocia

76
Q

What is a sure sign a goat is in heat

A

Doe will stand and allow the buck
to breed her (standing in heat)

77
Q

At what stage in parturition does the doe isolate itself from the flock

A

Stage 1

78
Q

At what stage in parturition is the lamb/kid ejected

A

Stage 2

79
Q

Examples of female reproductive diseases in goats

A

brucellosis and vibriosis

80
Q

It is the reduced calcium levels during late gestation

A

Hypocalcemia

81
Q

Stage 3 in parturition involves:
1.
2.

A
  1. expulsion of the placenta
  2. involution of the uterus
82
Q

Kinds of breeding systems

A
  1. hand mating
  2. pen breeding
  3. artificial insemination
  4. inbreeding
  5. line breeding
  6. straight breeding
  7. cross breeding
83
Q

This breeding system relies on the male to detect females in heat.

A

pen breeding

84
Q

Mating of within family members

A

inbreeding

85
Q

what is the purpose of inbreeding

A
  • To increase uniformity (prepotency)
  • To create an opportunity for hybrid vigor within breeds
86
Q

This method involves selecting the buck/ram for the doe/ewe and mating them.

A

hand mating

87
Q

This breeding system introduces superior genetics cost-effectively

A

artificial insemination

88
Q

Mating of close relatives

A

line breeding

89
Q

True or False
straight breeding is the mating of unrelated breed

A

False. The answer is crossbreeding

90
Q

mating of unrelated animal of the same breed

A

straight breeding

91
Q

the condition where the offspring
show more vigor or growth than the average of the parents

A

heterosis

92
Q

12.5% native ; 12.5% AN ; 25% Alpine ; 50% Toggenburg

A

F1 = 50% N ; 50% AN
F2 = 25% N ; 25% AN ; 50% Alpine
F3 = 12.5% N ; 12.5% AN ; 25% Alpine ; 50% Toggenburg

93
Q

12.5% N ; 12.5% La Mancha ; 75% Saanen

A

F1 = 50% N ; 50% La Mancha
F2 = 25% N ; 25% La Mancha ; 50% Saanen
F3 = 12.5% N ; 12.5% La Mancha ; 75% Saanen

94
Q

True or False
Saanen x Native cross has the largest heart girth

A

False. It is the Boer x Native cross

95
Q

True or False
Anglo Nubian x Native goat cross is bigger than the Boer x Native or the Saanen x Native cross

A

True

96
Q

The three-way cross goats are consisted of what breeds?

A

50% Boer, 37.5% Anglo Nubian, and 12.5% native

97
Q

Where was the three-way cross goats developed?

A

Central Luzon State University

98
Q

Disadvantages of Artificial insemination

A
  1. The cost of hiring a technician
    2 . The cost of equipment (such as a liquid nitrogen tank)
    3 . The buck is better in detecting heat than a person
99
Q

When should you breed the doe if its heat period length is:
24h
36h
48h
72h

A

24 hr = As soon as the doe shows estrus
36 hr = Within 12 hr of estrus
48 hr = 24 hr after estrus
72 hr = 48 hr after estrus

100
Q

types of goat production system

A
  1. tethering
  2. extensive production system
  3. intensive production system
  4. semi-intensive production system
101
Q
  • Usual method in goat raising in Asia
  • Animals are transferred once or twice daily to new areas with free access to forage
A

tethering

102
Q

intensive production system employs what system

A

cut and carry system

103
Q
  • Grazing is limited and stall-feeding of
    cut grass and/ or tree leaves is
    practiced.
  • Favored where labor is limited for
    intensive production
  • Goats are allowed to 2-4 hours of
    grazing and then returned to the farm
    in the afternoon.
A

semi-intensive production system

104
Q
  • Goats are usually kept in small herds of 5-10 animal
  • Animals are allowed to freely
    grazed from early morning to late in the afternoon then herded at night
  • Limited stall feeding of either rice straw or cut grass is provided during shelter time
A

extensive production system

105
Q
  • Complete confinement is practiced
  • Supplementation of concentrates is
    depended on the kind of available
    forages
A

intensive production system

106
Q

Essential for record-keeping and
identification.

A

identification

107
Q

what type of identification are neck chains and ear tags

A

temporary identification

108
Q

Permanent identification includes

A
  1. Tattooing
  2. Earnotching
  3. Branding
109
Q

Removal of the horn buds when the kids are about three weeks old

A

disbudding

110
Q

cover the burnt area from dehorning with ___

A

vaseline

111
Q

True or False
All buck kids not intended for breeding
should be castrated

A

True

112
Q

At what age is it best to castrate the goat

A

2-4 weeks old

113
Q

What do you use to castrate on bucks beyond 4 months old

A

emasculator

114
Q

At what age can you wean the kids

A

not less than 3 months

115
Q

Why should you separate buck weanlings from breeding herd

A

to avoid premature breeding

116
Q

Why should you separate buck from milking herd

A

to avoid taint in the milk

117
Q

Classification of Common Feed Ingredients for Ruminants

A
  1. roughages
  2. concentrates
  3. feed additives
  4. mineral supplements
  5. vitamins’ supplements
118
Q

These are chemical compounds that are included in animal rations but do not supply nutrients to the animals (natural antibacterial/antimicrobial, etc.).

A

feed additives

119
Q

True or False
Concentrates are feeds that have a comparatively high digestibility

A

True

120
Q

The dietary vitamin requirements of
ruminants like goats are relatively simple due to the nature of feeds

A

vitamin supplements

121
Q

These are feeds containing relatively large amounts of fiber or digestible material

A

roughages

122
Q

examples of concentrates

A

rice bran, corn bran, bone meal, molasses

123
Q

The function of mineral elements in
goats is to provide structural support for the body

A

mineral supplements

124
Q

examples of roughages

A

legumes, ipil-ipil, napier

125
Q

This is the most popular grain used for feeds. High in total digestible nutrients, low in fiber, and higher in fat.

A

corn

126
Q

Called “tiki-tiki”

A

rice bran

127
Q

This is what is left of the coconut
meat after the oil has been removed or extracted.

A

copra meal

128
Q

This is very similar to corn in feed
value except that is lower in fat.

A

sorghum

129
Q

A by-product of corn milling industry. It consist of broken grains of corn and bran, rich in protein.

A

corn bran

130
Q

This is a by-product after
extracting the soybean oil.

A

soybean oil meal

131
Q

This is practically all carbohydrates
with only 3% crude protein.

A

molasses

132
Q

As a leaf meal, it contains 21% crude
protein.

A

ipil-ipil

133
Q

True or False
Feed records is a type of record keeping

A

True

134
Q

types of record keeping

A
  1. production records
  2. reproduction and breeding records
  3. herd health and diseases records
  4. feed records
135
Q

common infectious diseases of goats

A

brucellosis, foot and mouth diseases, mastitis

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