SOCIOLOGY CH. 15 PT.1

Question 1

study of the size, composition, distribution, and changes in human population

Answer 1

demography

Question 2

a measure of population growth through reproduction; often expressed as the number of births per 1,000 people in a particular population or the average number of children a woman would bear over a lifetime

Answer 2

fertility rate

Question 3

a measure of the decrease in population due to deaths; often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a particular population

Answer 3

mortality rate

Question 4

average number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births in a particular population

Answer 4

infant mortality

Question 5

average age to which people in a particular population are expected to live

Answer 5

life expectancy

Question 6

the uppermost age to which a person can potentially live

Answer 6

life span or longevity

Question 7

movement of people from one geographic area to another for the purpose of resettling

Answer 7

migration

Question 8

entering one country from another to take up permanent residence

Answer 8

immigration

Question 9

leaving one country to live permanently in another

Answer 9

emigration

Question 10

movement of a population within a country

Answer 10

internal migration

Question 11

net effect of immigration and emigration on a particular population; expressed as an increase or decrease

Answer 11

net migration

Question 12

the theory that exponential growth in population will outpace arithmetic growth in food production and other resources

Answer 12

malthusian theorem

Question 13

a theory about change over time from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates, resulting in a stabilized population

Answer 13

demographic transition

Question 14

relating to sparsely settled areas; in the United States, any county with a population density between 10 and 59.9 people per square mile

Answer 14

rural

Question 15

relating to cities; typically describes densely populated areas

Answer 15

urban

Question 16

movement of increasing numbers of people from rural areas to cities

Answer 16

urbanization

Question 17

an urban area with a large population, usually 500,000 to 1 million people

Answer 17

metropolis

Question 18

an area with at least one major city of 50,000 or more inhabitants that is surrounded by adjacent counties that are socially and economically integrated with the city core

Answer 18

metropolitan statistical area (MSA)

Question 19

a group of densely populated metropolises that grow dependent on each other and eventually combine to form a huge urban complex

Answer 19

megalopolis

Question 20

a term for megacities that emphasizes their global impact as centers of economic, political, and social power

Answer 20

global cities

Question 21

concentration of people in a city, measured by the total number of people per square mile

Answer 21

urban density`

Question 22

the shift of large segments of population away from the urban core and toward the edges of cities

Answer 22

suburbanization