SOCIOLOGY CH. 11 Flashcards
the social and economic changes, including population increases, that followed from the domestication of plants and animals and the gradually increasing efficiency of food production
agricultural revolution
the rapid transformation of social life resulting from the technological and economic developments that began with the assembly line, steam power, and urbanization
industrial revolution
the recent social revolution made possible by the development of the microchip in the 1970s, which brought about vast improvements in the ability to manage information
information revolution
work that primarily deals with information; producing value in the economy through ideas, judgments, analyses, designs, or innovations
knowledge work
work that involves providing a service to businesses or individual clients, customers, or consumers rather than manufacturing goods
service work
an economic system based on the laws of free market competition, privatization of the means of production, and production for profit
capitalism
an economic system based on the collective ownership of the means of production, collective distribution of goods and services, and government regulation
socialism
a system of government that eliminates private property; it is the most extreme form of socialism, because all citizens work for the government and there are no class distinctions
communism
working from home while staying connected to the office through communications technology
telecommuting
ways that workers express discontent with their working conditions and try to reclaim control of the conditions of their labor
resistance strategies
an association of workers who bargain collectively for increased wages and benefits and better working conditions
union
the cultural and economic changes resulting from dramatically increased international trade and exchange in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries
globalization
a workplace where workers are subject to extreme exploitation, including below-standard wages, long hours, and poor working conditions that may pose health or safety hazards
sweatshop
“contracting out” or transferring to another country the labor that a company might otherwise have employed its own staff to perform; typically done for financial reasons
outsourcing
those who work in positions that are temporary or freelance or who work as independent contractors
contingent and alternativeworkforce
