Socio-Religious Reform Movements: Flashcards
1
Q
sati described as a “murder according to every
shastra
A
Raja Rammohan Roy
2
Q
rationalism is our only preceptor
A
Akshay Kumar Dutt
3
Q
the infallibility of the Vedas was repudiated
A
Brahmo Samaj
4
Q
brought medical opinion to support
his views against child marriage
A
Akshay Kumar Dutt
5
Q
said that all prophets had the same ‘din’
A
Syed Ahmed Khan
6
Q
the reformist movements like
A
Brahmo Samaj,
the Prarthana Samaj, the Aligarh Movement
7
Q
revivalist
movements like
A
Arya Samaj and the Deoband movement
8
Q
The regulation of 1829
A
applicable in the first instance to Bengal
Presidency alone, but was extended in slightly modified forms to Madras and Bombay Presidencies in 1830
9
Q
ACTs declared infanticide
illegal and equivalent to murder. An
A
Bengal regulations of 1795 and 1804
10
Q
made
it compulsory for parents to register the birth of all babies
A
An Act passed in 1870
11
Q
had the issue of widow remarriage high on its agenda and did much to popularise it
A
The Brahmo Samaj
12
Q
the principal of Sanskrit
College, Calcutta
A
Pandit Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
13
Q
were among the active promoters of girls’ schools in Maharashtra
A
Jagannath Shankar Seth and Bhau Daji
14
Q
founded the Widow Remarriage Association
in the 1850
A
Vishnu Shastri Pandit
15
Q
started the Satya Prakash in Gujarati
in 1852 to advocate widow remarriage
A
Karsondas Mulji
16
Q
became the secretary of the Widow
Remarriage Association.
A
D.K. Karve
17
Q
right of widows to remarriage was also advocated by
A
B.M. Malabari, Narmad (Narmadashankar Labhshankar Dave), Justice
Govind Mahadeo Ranade and K. Natarajan, Veerasalingam Pantulu in Madras
18
Q
The Native Marriage
Act (or Civil Marriage Act), 1872
A
signified legislative action
in prohibiting child marriage. It had a limited impact as the Act was not applicable to Hindus, Muslims and other recognised faiths
19
Q
the enactment of the Age
of Consent Act (1891) which forbade the marriage of girls below the age of 12.
A
B.M. Malabari
20
Q
further pushed
up the marriage age to 18 and 14 for boys and girls
A
The Sarda Act (1930
21
Q
raised the age of marriage for girls
from 15 to 18 years and for boys from 18 to 21
A
the Child Marriage Restraint
(Amendment) Act, 1978
22
Q
was associated with no less than 35 girls’
schools in Bengal and is considered one of the pioneers of women’s education
A
Pandit Ishwar
Chandra Vidyasagar
23
Q
The Indian Women’s University set up
A
by Professor D.K. Karve in 1916
24
Q
convened the first meeting of the Bharat Stree
Mahamandal in Allahabad
A
Sarla Devi Chaudhurani
25
believed that the man working for women’s upliftment lived ‘under the shade of Manu’.
Sarla Devi Chaudhurani
26
founded the Ladies Social Conference
(Bharat Mahila Parishad), under the parent organisation
National Social Conference, in 1904 in Bombay
Ramabai Ranade
27
Pandita Ramabai Saraswati founded the Arya Mahila
| Samaj
Pandita Ramabai Saraswati
28
Arya Mahilan Samaj
resulted in medical education for
| women which started in Lady Dufferin College
29
established a branch of Arya Mahila Samaj in
| Bombay
Ramabai Ranade
30
Played imp role in National Council of Women in India, a national branch of the International Council of Women
Mehribai Tata
31
India’s first lady barrister
Cornelia Sarabji
32
National Council of Women in India, a national branch of the International Council of Women member
```
Mehribai Tata,
Cornelia Sarabji ,
Shaffi Tyabji,
Tarabai Premchand
Maharani Sucharu Devi
of upper-class English wome
```
33
The All India Women’s Conference (AIWC), founded
| by
Margaret Cousins in 1927
34
perhaps the first women’s organisation with an egalitarian approach.
The All India Women’s Conference (AIWC),
35
Founding members The All India Women’s Conference (AIWC)
Maharani Chimnabai Gaekwad, Rani Sahiba
of Sangli, Sarojini Naidu, Kamla Devi Chattopadhyaya and Lady Dorab Tata.
worked towards various legislative reforms
36
The rulers of states like took
| the initiative in opening all state temples by proclamation
Travancore, Indore and Devas
37
the All India Harijan Sangh.
Gandhi
38
organised
| the All India Scheduled Castes Federation,
Dr. B.R Ambedkar
39
Self-Respect Movement led by
by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker.
40
coined the slogan “one religion, one caste, one God for mankind
Sri Narayana Guru in Kerala
41
no religion, no caste, no God for mankind”
Sahadaran Ayyapan
42
established the Bahishkrit Hitakarini
| Sabha in 1924
Dr Ambedkar
43
Educate, Agitate and Organise
Dr Ambedkar
44
wrote Gift to Monotheists (1809)
Raja Rammohan Roy
45
set up the Atmiya Sabha
Raja Rammohan Roy
46
if reason demanded it, even a departure from
| the scriptures is justified.
Raja Rammohan Roy
47
his Precepts of Jesus
Raja Rammohan Roy
48
founded the Brahmo Sabha in
| August 1828
Raja Rammohan Roy
49
found the Hindu College in 1817
David Hare
50
established a Vedanta college
Raja Rammohan Roy
51
headed Tattvabodhini Sabha (founded in 1839)
Debendranath Tagore
52
founded the Brahmo Samaj of India
Keshab Chandra Sen
53
Adi Brahmo Samaj
Debendranath Tagore
54
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj was started by
Ananda Mohan Bose, Shibchandra Deb and Umesh Chandra Datta
55
opening of Dayal Singh College at
| Lahore in 1910.
Dayal Singh Trust sought to implant
| Brahmo ideas
56
Prarthana Samaj founder
Atmaram Pandurang
57
A precursor of the Prarthana Samaj was
the Paramahansa Sabha
58
Prarthana Samaj leaders
R. G. Bhandarkar (1837-
| 1925) and N.G. Chandavarkar
59
Widow Remarriage Movement as well as Widows’
| Home Association with
karve and ranade
60
Young Bengal Movement
Henry Vivian Derozio
61
the pioneers of the modern civilisation of Bengal, the conscript fathers of our race whose virtues will
excite veneration and whose failings will be treated with gentlest consideration”.
Surendranath Banerjea was to describe the
| Derozians
62
he helped organise thirtyfive
| girls’ schools
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
63
He started the newspaper Darpan in 1832
Balshastri Jambhekar
64
In 1840, he started Digdarshan which published
| articles on scientific subjects as well as history
Balshastri Jambhekar
65
founded the Bombay Native General Library
Balshastri Jambhekar
66
founded Native Improvement Society of which an
| offshoot was the Students Literary and Scientific Library
Balshastri Jambhekar
67
He was the first professor of Hindi at the Elphinston College,= besides being a director of the Colaba Observatory.
Balshastri Jambhekar
68
Paramahansa Mandali founders
Dadoba Pandurang, Mehtaji Durgaram
69
ideology of the society was closely linked to that of the Manav Dharma Sabha
Paramahansa Mandali
70
their meetings, food cooked by lower caste people was taken by the members
Paramahansa Mandali
71
founded the Satyashodhak
| Samaj (Truth Seekers’ Society) in 1873
Phule
72
Sarvajanik Satyadharma and Gulamgiri
Phule
73
used the symbol of Rajah Bali as opposed to the brahmins’ symbol of Rama
Phule
74
also opened a home
| for widows in 1854
Phule
75
“If religion does not sanction social reform, then change religion.”
Gopalhari Deshmukh ‘Lokahitawadi’
76
wrote for a weekly Prabhakar
Gopalhari Deshmukh ‘Lokahitawadi’
77
the post of a judge under British raj
Gopalhari Deshmukh ‘Lokahitawadi’
78
started a weekly, Hitechhu
Gopalhari Deshmukh ‘Lokahitawadi’
79
played a leading role in founding the periodicals, Gyan Prakash, Indu Prakash and Lokahitawad
Gopalhari Deshmukh ‘Lokahitawadi’
80
He was a cofounder
of the New English School, the Deccan Education
Society and Fergusson College
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
81
was a principal of
| Fergusson Colleg
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
82
first editor of Kesari
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
83
Sudharak
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
84
The Servants of India Society founder
Gopal Krishna Gokhale and MG Ranade
85
the Hitavada founder
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
86
After Gokhale’s death (1915), he took
| over as president.
Srinivasa Shastri
87
Social Service League founder
NM Joshi
88
founded the All India Trade Union Congress (1920
NM Joshi
89
who was known in childhood
| as Gadadhar Chattopadhyay
Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
90
himself laid the foundations of the Ramakrishna
| Math
Paramahamsa
91
Ramakrishna Mission founded
Swami Vivekananda
92
As many faiths, so many paths
Paramahamsa
93
Service of man is the
| service of God
Paramahamsa
94
His mission was to bridge the gulf between
| paramartha (service) and vyavahara (behaviour)
Swami Vivekananda
95
“For our own motherland a junction of the two
| great systems, Hinduism and Islam, is the only hope
Swami Vivekananda
96
```
The service
of jiva (living objects) is the worship of Siva
```
Swami Vivekananda
97
Arya Sama founder
Dayananda Saraswati
98
Satyarth Prakash (The True Exposition
Dayananda Saraswati
99
He took inspiration from the Vedas and considered
| them to be ‘India’s Rock of Ages
Dayananda Saraswati
100
He gave the slogan “Back to the
| Vedas
Dayananda Saraswati
101
Arya Samaj fixed the minimum marriageable age
at twenty-five years for boys and sixteen years for girls
102
lamented the Hindu race as “the
| children of children”
Dayananda Saraswati
103
started the Gurukul at Hardwar in 1902 to impart education in the traditional framework
Swami Shraddhanand
104
Dayananda also met other reformers
| of the time
Keshab Chandra Sen, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar,
| Ranade, Deshmukh,
105
The work of the Swami Dayanand after his
| death was carried forward by
Lala Hansraj, Pandit Gurudutt,
| Lala Lajpat Rai and Swami Shraddhanand,
106
started the
shuddhi (purification) movement to reconvert to the Hindu
fold the converts to Christianity and Islam
Arya Samaj
107
Seva Sadan founder
Behramji M. Malabari along with a friend,
| Diwan Dayaram Gidumal
108
his efforts that led to the Age of Consent Act
Behramji M. Malabari
109
and edited the Indian
| Spectator
Behramji M. Malabari
110
Dev Samaj Founded
in 1887 at Lahore by Shiv Narayan Agnihotri
111
It called for an ideal social behaviour
Dev Samaj
112
Its teachings were compiled in a book, Deva Shastra
Dev Samaj
113
Dharma Sabha
Radhakant Deb
114
Bharat Dharma Mahamandala consisted of
Sanatana Dharma Sabha (1895),
the Dharma Maha Parishad in South India, and Dharma
Mahamandali in Bengal.
115
Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya was a prominent figure in this
| movement.
Bharat Dharma Mahamandala
116
Radhaswami Movement founder
Tulsi Ram, a banker from Agra, also known as Shiv Dayal
117
Sree Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana
| (SNDP) Movement
started by Sree Narayana Guru Swamy (1856-
| 1928) among the Ezhavas of Keral
118
The movementment drew the famous poet Kumaran
| Asan as a disciple of Narayana Guru.
(Aruvippuram movement
119
the Aruvippuram Kshetra Yogam was formed which was decided to expand into a big organisation is related to
Sree Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana
| (SNDP) Movement
120
He had started the fight for social
justice through movements like Ezhava Memorial, Malayali
Memorial,
Dr Palpu
121
Devoid of dividing walls of caste or race, or hatred of rival faith, we all live here in brotherhood
Sree Narayana Guru Swamy
122
Justice Movement in Madras Presidency was started by
C.N. Mudaliar, T.M. Nair and P. Tyagaraja
123
Self-Respect Movement
E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, a
| Balija Naidu
124
by formalising weddings without brahmin priests.
Self-Respect Movement
125
took up the issue of temple
| entry with the Travancore administration.
T.K. Madhavan
126
editor of Deshabhimani
T.K. Madhavan
127
Vaikom Satyagraha led by
K.P. Kesava Temple Entry Movement
128
temple entry movement was organised in
| Kerala.
Subramaniyam Tirumambu P. Krishna
| Pillai and A.K. Gopalan
129
the ‘singing sword of Kerala
Subramaniyam Tirumambu
130
Kulinism
refers to marriage of a kulina girl to a man in the same class as well as marriage to one in a higher class prevalent in Bengal
131
Indian Social Conference
M.G. Ranade and Raghunath Ra
132
social reform cell of
| the Indian National Congress,
Indian Social Conference
133
launched the ‘Pledge Movement’ to inspire people to take
| a pledge against child marriage
Indian Social Conference
134
the founder of the Wahabi Movement.
Sayyid Ahmed Barelvi
135
organised the Muslim peasants of Bengal against
| the landlords, who were mosly Hindu, and the British indigo
Mir Nithar Ali, popularly known as Titu Mir,
136
Fara’idi Movement founder
Haji Shariatullah i
137
Fara’idi Movemen became revolutionary from 1840 onwards under
Dudu Mian
138
Ahmadiyya Movement by
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
139
the Aligarh Movement
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
140
believed in the fundamental underlying unity
| of religions or ‘practical morality
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
141
Tahdhib-ul-Akhlaq (Improvement of Manners
| and Morals).
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
142
The Deoband Movement
Mohammad Qasim Nanotavi (1832-80) and Rashid Ahmed Gangohi (1828-1905)
143
in 1888 issued a fatwa (religious decree) against Syed Ahmed Khan’s organisations
The Deoband Movement
144
United Patriotic Association
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
145
the new Deoband leader, gave a political and intellectual content to the religious ideas of the school
Mahmud-ul-Hasan
146
gave a concrete
shape to Hasan’s ideas of protection of the religious and
political rights of the Muslims
The Jamiat-ul-Ulema
147
a supporter of the Deoband school, favoured the inclusion of English language and European sciences in the system of education
Shibli Numani,
148
He founded the Nadwatal
| Ulama and Darul Uloom in Lucknow in 1894
Shibli Numani,
149
He believed in the idealism of the Congress and cooperation between the Muslims and the Hindus of India to create a state in which both could live amicably
Shibli Numani,
150
The Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha (Religious Reform
| Association) leaders
Naoroji Furdonji, Dadabhai Naoroji, K.R. Cama and S.S. Bengalee
151
Rast
| Goftar (Truth-Teller).
The Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha (Religious Reform
| Association) leaders
152
```
Akali movement (also known as Gurudwara Reform
Movement) was an offshoot of the
```
The Singh Sabha Movement
153
Theosophical Society in
| New York City
Madame H.P. Blavatsky (1831-
| 1891) and Colonel M.S. Olcott,
154
laid the foundation of the Central Hindu
| College in Benaras in 1898
Annie Besant
