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grade 9 > social chapter 2 > Flashcards

social chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

fair and equitable

A

governed by rules that apply to everyone, taking into account individual needs and circumstances

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2
Q

justice

A

applying laws, Justice seeks to establish or maintain what is right and reward or apply consequences or remedy when a wrong occurs.

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3
Q

justice system

A

the institutions and procedures for applying laws in society

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4
Q

what is the fundamental principle behind the justice system in canada

A

a person is assumed innocent until proven guilty

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5
Q

in what ways does the justice system reduce crime? (add more)*%#%

A

with rehabilitation programs

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6
Q

why is justice portrayed as blind

A

so that they don’t show prejudice to race, color, gender, etc.

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7
Q

what are 4 rights you are entitled to when you get arrested

A
  • to remain silent
  • to speak to a lawyer, parent or guardian
  • to have your parents with you during questioning
  • to have a lawyer if you go to court
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8
Q

what is the YCJA and when was it passed

A

it was passed in 2003, it stands for youth criminal justice act

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9
Q

what ages does YCJA deal with

A

12-17yrs

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10
Q

what is community service

A

help in the community performed as part of a sentence, such as assisting with a community clean-up

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11
Q

what is a sentence

A

a consequence for a crime

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12
Q

what is a criminal record

A

a permanent record of breaking the law, which is public info. it can bar you from some jobs, volunteer positions and travel

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13
Q

what is the minimum age that someone can face an adult sentence

A

14yrs

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14
Q

how does YCJA protect the privacy of young offenders?

A

need media can’t publish their name unless they receive an adult sentence

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15
Q

what consequences do some young offenders receive?

A

counselling or community service

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16
Q

why is a separate justice system needed for young offenders

A

because their brains aren’t fully developed and sometimes they don’t know any better, they shouldn’t have to face what an adult would unless what they did was severe

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17
Q

how would a criminal record affect your quality of life?

A

you loose your parents trust and friends, a criminal record can bar you from some jobs and travelling and all of these can greatly affect quality of life

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18
Q

what is the criminal code of canada?

A

a law that defines the consequences for adult offenders

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19
Q

what is the usual consequence for adults?

A

going to court or they get an adult sentence which can include long periods of imprisonments for some crimes (but mostly going to court and then after court they figure out what to do)

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20
Q

what do adult offenders get for the rest of their lives after breaking the law? are their names aloud to be published

A

they get a criminal record and yes their names are aloud to be published

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21
Q

summarize the four factors that determine the consequences that a young offender faces

A
  • the seriousness of the offence
  • the history of the person
  • the attitude of the person
  • the circumstances of the person
22
Q

Objectives of the YCJA

A
  • Prevent crime by addressing the circumstances underlying young persons offending behaviour
  • Rehabilitate young offenders and reintegrate them into society
  • ensure that the young person is subject to meaningful consequences for the offence in order to promote long term protection of society
  • The YCJA must recognize that young people are separate from adults and have reduced levels of maturity
23
Q

rehabilitate

A

to instill positive behaviours and attitudes

24
Q

reintegrate

A

to make part of again

25
Q

reinstitution

A

wxnchdnszx

26
Q

court process

A

(this is if they aren’t guilty) charges laid —> court appearance —> Plea –> Plea not guilty –> trial –> found not guilty

(guilty) charges laid —> court appearance —> Plea –> Plea not guilty –> trial –> found guilty –> sentencing
OR
charges laid —> court appearance —> Plea –> Plead guilty–> sentencing

27
Q

how older must a young offender be in order to be tried by a judge and jury

A

14

28
Q

how many members serve on jury

A

12

29
Q

how many jurors have to agree before a decision is reached

A

all 12, their decision must be unanimous

30
Q

what are the requirements for becoming a juror

A

Anyone 18 yrs of age and older, is a Canadian citizen, and has not committed crimes. Sometimes there are some exceptions

31
Q

what happens when you are called up for jury duty?

A

If you are summoned, you must make any and all arrangement to be at the courthouse. Employers must give you time off. You can be excused if you can prove it will cause you hardship

32
Q

defence

A

includes the evidence that supports the innocence of a person accused of crime. In a courtroom, the lawyer who represents an accused person presents the defence. The defence can include witnesses, and physical evidence such as DNA samples and objects.

33
Q

prosecution

A

The prosecution includes the evidence that supports the guilt of an accused person.

34
Q

sequester

A

To sequester means to remove from contact. Juries are sequestered to ensure they consider only the evidence presented in the courtroom.

35
Q

what two things jurors swear an oath to use to come to their decision?

A

to use only the evidence and the law to reach a verdict.

36
Q

role of police in the YJCA

A

To keep people safe, charge the criminal, give out warnings, to keep peace

37
Q

role of juror in the YJCA

A

The Juror listens to evidence during a trial and decides what facts they’ll use to determine if the person is guilty or not. They’re also sequestered

38
Q

role of judge in the YJCA

A

They monitor the court and decide what the sentence will be

39
Q

role of advocacy groups in the YJCA

A

They try to solve the underlying reasons for crime and provide education on the justice system. They stand up for the rights of youth and adults. They work with youths and adults who have broken the law to help them return to their communities. They call for measures to improve the fairness of the justice system for people accused of crimes and those harmed by crime.

40
Q

what are the two main advocacy groups in canada?

A

Elizabeth Fry and John Howard Society

41
Q

what groups does the John Howard society try and help? How do they try to help?

A

They work with all genders in trouble with the law. They look at why and how they can make communities safer.

42
Q

what groups does the Elizabeth Fry Society try and help? How do they try to help?

A

They focus on justice issues for woman and girls. They say everyone deserves to be treated in a non-judgemental way and needs a safe environment to heal and grow. They want to help people reintegrate into society in a good way.

43
Q

role of elders in the YJCA

A

Someone who is a guide for you to get back on track after committing a crime.

44
Q

What are sentencing circles (elders take part in this)

A

Traditional aboriginal process where the community takes on the responsibility for resolving the situation

45
Q

why are elders chosen to get involved in sentencing circles

A

They have experience and knowledge and they act in the best interests of their entire community.

46
Q

what does the expression, “Ignorance of the law is no excuse” mean

A

It means that citizens have a duty to know the law. If you do something illegal, but do not know it’s illegal, you can still be charged and convicted of an offence.

47
Q

fairness

A

Fairness is equitable or lawful treatment that is honest and reasonable. It is providing an equal chance of success to all; not giving advantages or disadvantages to anyone.

48
Q

Equality

A

The same status, rights and responsibilities for all the members of a society, group or family.

49
Q

Equity

A

Equity is the quality of being fair and reasonable in a way that gives equal outcomes to everyone. i.e., people can be treated differently in order for them to have the same benefits, opportunities and consequences.

50
Q

Freedom

A

the ability and resources to do what you want to do

grade 9 (19 decks)

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