Social and cultural

Question 1

The division of the ACA which deals with Multicultural—-

Answer 1

AMCD- association of multicultural counseling and development

Question 2

cultural pluralism means?

Answer 2

a minority culture group retains their own culture while engaging with the host culture

Question 3

macro culture means what?

Answer 3

what is accepted by the majority of the culture.

Question 4

cultural relativity is known as —-

Answer 4

not assessing whether behavior is good or bad except within the cultural context-

Question 5

culture epoch theory states all cultures go through the same developmental stages. Is this theory true or false according to experts?

Answer 5

False- so throw it out

Question 6

McDougall is the “father of ???”

Answer 6

hormic psychology- people are all driven by innate tendencies - Intro to Social psychology

Question 7

1972- APGA formed association of&raquo_space;»>

Answer 7

for non-white personel and guidance- which later became the associtaion for multicultural counseling and development

Question 8

Levinson- 1978 wrote?

Answer 8

seasons in a man’s life- and in 1997 a sequel- and postulated men’s mid life crisis and is now considered bias against women

Question 9

3 factors which enhance interpersonal attraction are:

Answer 9

close proximity , physical attraction and similar beliefs.

Question 10

proxemics - relates to??

Answer 10

personal space and interpersonal disance

Question 11

What helped to popularize the multicultural counseling?

Answer 11

civil rights movement

Question 12

Dollard and Miller- which theory?

Answer 12

frustration/aggression theory

Question 13

Albert Ellis- was what theory-

Answer 13

REBT - Ellis did NOT believe frustration led to automatic response patterns of aggression- but rather to irrational thoughts

Question 14

A popular cognitive consistency or balance theory is social psychology - is who’s cognitive dissonance theory?

Answer 14

Festingers- memory D: stinger creates dissonance

Question 15

The concept of balance theory suggests _____

Answer 15

that people strive for consistency /balance in terms of their belief system- individuals attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs-

Question 16

In 1957 Festinger created which theory?

Answer 16

Cognitive dissonance

Question 17

In an attempt to reduce cognitive dissonance, individuals will…….(what 4 ways?)

Answer 17

1. change the balance- by making their actions compatible with their thoughts
2. denial
   3.

Question 18

breaking a more will likely get you in prison- but breaking a folkway will likely get you?

Answer 18

embarrasment

Question 19

mores are behaviors based on…..

Answer 19

rules of right or wrong- morals

Question 20

Who was the first pioneer to focus heavily on socio-cultural issues?

Answer 20

Frank Parsons was a pioneer for movement- Adler one of first to considered socio-cultural issues

Question 21

Biological similarities and sameness are indicated by

a. ecological
b. mores
c. regional and national culture
d. universal culture

Answer 21

universal culture

Question 22

What kind of data did Bogardus develop with his social distance scale?

Answer 22

how an individual felt about another ethnic group

Question 23

a self perpetuating independent group which occupies a definitive territory

Answer 23

SOCIETY

Question 24

ethnocentricity is

a. universal or
b. not universal

Answer 24

universal, promotes patriotism, and pride and stability- can be dangerous

Question 25

modal personality means....

Answer 25

a composite personality which is most typical profile of a given group of people

Question 26

Social exchange theory postulates what?

Answer 26

relationship will endure if the rewards are greater than the costs

Question 27

balance theory postulates that ....

Answer 27

a move from cognitive dissonance to consistency, a tendency to achieve a balanced cognitive state

Question 28

what is the bystander effect?

Answer 28

one will find that the number of people who would respond to another's distress actually decreases as the number of bystanders increase

Question 29

Therapeutic surrender is when

Answer 29

the client psychologically surrenders him or herself to open up to the counselor from a different culture.

Question 30

connotative error occurs when?

Answer 30

the emotional content of a word which is different from the true or dictionary definition

Question 31

Emic can be defined as

Answer 31

an insider's perception of the culture- Emic

Question 32

This viewpoint emphasizes that each client is an individual with individual differences,

Answer 32

emic- comes from phonemic- sounds which are unique in a certain language language

Question 33

The counselor with the emic viewpoint will counsel how?? .....

Answer 33

try to help the clients by understanding the client's specific culture

Question 34

while adheeres to the theory that humans are huans regardless of background and culture- thus the same theories and techniques can be applied to any client the counselor helps.

Answer 34

the etic view- from phonetic- the sounds which sound the same in every language

Question 35

autoplastic asserts that the change come from a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.

Answer 35

A- auto- meaning self

Question 36

alloplastic- a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.

Answer 36

B Allo meaning all outside of self

Question 37

conversion disorder? | and with with belle indifference is what?

Answer 37

evident when a person displays symptoms which cannot be accounted for via medical exams. belle difference is when they do not seem to be bothered or concerned

Question 38

what type of therapy for someone with conversion disorder?

Answer 38

counseling, biofeedback, and relaxation therapy

Question 39

malingering occurs when??

Answer 39

someone fakes illness or physical problem to get out of work or duty

Question 40

all people must adjust to environmental and geological demands- term?

Answer 40

personalism

Question 41

after a period of time one forgets the communicator but remembers the message is called what?

Answer 41

Sleeper effect

Question 42

Mc Dougall and Ross- helped to introduce what type of Psychology in America in 1908?

Answer 42

Social psychology

Question 43

hormic psychology - | who and what?

Answer 43

Mc Dougall- asserted that individual as well as group behavior is the result of inherited tendencies to seek goals

Question 44

pioneered psychodrama and coined the term group therapy-

Answer 44

joseph moreno

Question 45

an existentialist well known for his strides in group work and existential therapy and death and dying

Answer 45

Yalom-

Question 46

stanley milgram performed what experiment?

Answer 46

obedience and authority experiment

Question 47

Who- authority and obedience

Answer 47

Stanley Milgram

Question 48

schachter- landmark research showed what?:

Answer 48

firstborn and only children- tend to affiliate with others highest

Question 49

"I don't know whether to pay the fine or go to jail."- which type of conflict would Kurt Lewin call this?

Answer 49

avoidance-avoidance

Question 50

robbers cave experiment-

Answer 50

bring two hostile groups to work on a goal together- superordinate goal creates cooperation

Question 51

asch situation-

Answer 51

where a person will agree with what everyone else says just because they respond to the peer pressure