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NCE Study > Social and cultural > Flashcards

Social and cultural Flashcards

1
Q

The division of the ACA which deals with Multicultural—-

A

AMCD- association of multicultural counseling and development

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2
Q

cultural pluralism means?

A

a minority culture group retains their own culture while engaging with the host culture

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3
Q

macro culture means what?

A

what is accepted by the majority of the culture.

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4
Q

cultural relativity is known as —-

A

not assessing whether behavior is good or bad except within the cultural context-

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5
Q

culture epoch theory states all cultures go through the same developmental stages. Is this theory true or false according to experts?

A

False- so throw it out

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6
Q

McDougall is the “father of ???”

A

hormic psychology- people are all driven by innate tendencies - Intro to Social psychology

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7
Q

1972- APGA formed association of&raquo_space;»>

A

for non-white personel and guidance- which later became the associtaion for multicultural counseling and development

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8
Q

Levinson- 1978 wrote?

A

seasons in a man’s life- and in 1997 a sequel- and postulated men’s mid life crisis and is now considered bias against women

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9
Q

3 factors which enhance interpersonal attraction are:

A

close proximity , physical attraction and similar beliefs.

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10
Q

proxemics - relates to??

A

personal space and interpersonal disance

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11
Q

What helped to popularize the multicultural counseling?

A

civil rights movement

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12
Q

Dollard and Miller- which theory?

A

frustration/aggression theory

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13
Q

Albert Ellis- was what theory-

A

REBT - Ellis did NOT believe frustration led to automatic response patterns of aggression- but rather to irrational thoughts

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14
Q

A popular cognitive consistency or balance theory is social psychology - is who’s cognitive dissonance theory?

A

Festingers- memory D: stinger creates dissonance

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15
Q

The concept of balance theory suggests _____

A

that people strive for consistency /balance in terms of their belief system- individuals attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs-

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16
Q

In 1957 Festinger created which theory?

A

Cognitive dissonance

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17
Q

In an attempt to reduce cognitive dissonance, individuals will…….(what 4 ways?)

A
  1. change the balance- by making their actions compatible with their thoughts
  2. denial
    3.
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18
Q

breaking a more will likely get you in prison- but breaking a folkway will likely get you?

A

embarrasment

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19
Q

mores are behaviors based on…..

A

rules of right or wrong- morals

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20
Q

Who was the first pioneer to focus heavily on socio-cultural issues?

A

Frank Parsons was a pioneer for movement- Adler one of first to considered socio-cultural issues

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21
Q

Biological similarities and sameness are indicated by

a. ecological
b. mores
c. regional and national culture
d. universal culture

A

universal culture

22
Q

What kind of data did Bogardus develop with his social distance scale?

A

how an individual felt about another ethnic group

23
Q

a self perpetuating independent group which occupies a definitive territory

A

SOCIETY

24
Q

ethnocentricity is

a. universal or
b. not universal

A

universal, promotes patriotism, and pride and stability- can be dangerous

25
Q

modal personality means….

A

a composite personality which is most typical profile of a given group of people

26
Q

Social exchange theory postulates what?

A

relationship will endure if the rewards are greater than the costs

27
Q

balance theory postulates that ….

A

a move from cognitive dissonance to consistency, a tendency to achieve a balanced cognitive state

28
Q

what is the bystander effect?

A

one will find that the number of people who would respond to another’s distress actually decreases as the number of bystanders increase

29
Q

Therapeutic surrender is when

A

the client psychologically surrenders him or herself to open up to the counselor from a different culture.

30
Q

connotative error occurs when?

A

the emotional content of a word which is different from the true or dictionary definition

31
Q

Emic can be defined as

A

an insider’s perception of the culture- Emic

32
Q

This viewpoint emphasizes that each client is an individual with individual differences,

A

emic- comes from phonemic- sounds which are unique in a certain language language

33
Q

The counselor with the emic viewpoint will counsel how?? …..

A

try to help the clients by understanding the client’s specific culture

34
Q

while adheeres to the theory that humans are huans regardless of background and culture- thus the same theories and techniques can be applied to any client the counselor helps.

A

the etic view- from phonetic- the sounds which sound the same in every language

35
Q

autoplastic asserts that the change come from

a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors
b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.

A

A- auto- meaning self

36
Q

alloplastic-

a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors
b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.

A

B Allo meaning all outside of self

37
Q

conversion disorder?

and with with belle indifference is what?

A

evident when a person displays symptoms which cannot be accounted for via medical exams.
belle difference is when they do not seem to be bothered or concerned

38
Q

what type of therapy for someone with conversion disorder?

A

counseling, biofeedback, and relaxation therapy

39
Q

malingering occurs when??

A

someone fakes illness or physical problem to get out of work or duty

40
Q

all people must adjust to environmental and geological demands- term?

A

personalism

41
Q

after a period of time one forgets the communicator but remembers the message is called what?

A

Sleeper effect

42
Q

Mc Dougall and Ross- helped to introduce what type of Psychology in America in 1908?

A

Social psychology

43
Q

hormic psychology -

who and what?

A

Mc Dougall- asserted that individual as well as group behavior is the result of inherited tendencies to seek goals

44
Q

pioneered psychodrama and coined the term group therapy-

A

joseph moreno

45
Q

an existentialist well known for his strides in group work and existential therapy and death and dying

A

Yalom-

46
Q

stanley milgram performed what experiment?

A

obedience and authority experiment

47
Q

Who- authority and obedience

A

Stanley Milgram

48
Q

schachter- landmark research showed what?:

A

firstborn and only children- tend to affiliate with others highest

49
Q

“I don’t know whether to pay the fine or go to jail.”- which type of conflict would Kurt Lewin call this?

A

avoidance-avoidance

50
Q

robbers cave experiment-

A

bring two hostile groups to work on a goal together- superordinate goal creates cooperation

51
Q

asch situation-

A

where a person will agree with what everyone else says just because they respond to the peer pressure

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