Social and cultural Flashcards
The division of the ACA which deals with Multicultural—-
AMCD- association of multicultural counseling and development
cultural pluralism means?
a minority culture group retains their own culture while engaging with the host culture
macro culture means what?
what is accepted by the majority of the culture.
cultural relativity is known as —-
not assessing whether behavior is good or bad except within the cultural context-
culture epoch theory states all cultures go through the same developmental stages. Is this theory true or false according to experts?
False- so throw it out
McDougall is the “father of ???”
hormic psychology- people are all driven by innate tendencies - Intro to Social psychology
1972- APGA formed association of»_space;»>
for non-white personel and guidance- which later became the associtaion for multicultural counseling and development
Levinson- 1978 wrote?
seasons in a man’s life- and in 1997 a sequel- and postulated men’s mid life crisis and is now considered bias against women
3 factors which enhance interpersonal attraction are:
close proximity , physical attraction and similar beliefs.
proxemics - relates to??
personal space and interpersonal disance
What helped to popularize the multicultural counseling?
civil rights movement
Dollard and Miller- which theory?
frustration/aggression theory
Albert Ellis- was what theory-
REBT - Ellis did NOT believe frustration led to automatic response patterns of aggression- but rather to irrational thoughts
A popular cognitive consistency or balance theory is social psychology - is who’s cognitive dissonance theory?
Festingers- memory D: stinger creates dissonance
The concept of balance theory suggests _____
that people strive for consistency /balance in terms of their belief system- individuals attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs-
In 1957 Festinger created which theory?
Cognitive dissonance
In an attempt to reduce cognitive dissonance, individuals will…….(what 4 ways?)
- change the balance- by making their actions compatible with their thoughts
- denial
3.
breaking a more will likely get you in prison- but breaking a folkway will likely get you?
embarrasment
mores are behaviors based on…..
rules of right or wrong- morals
Who was the first pioneer to focus heavily on socio-cultural issues?
Frank Parsons was a pioneer for movement- Adler one of first to considered socio-cultural issues
Biological similarities and sameness are indicated by
a. ecological
b. mores
c. regional and national culture
d. universal culture
universal culture
What kind of data did Bogardus develop with his social distance scale?
how an individual felt about another ethnic group
a self perpetuating independent group which occupies a definitive territory
SOCIETY
ethnocentricity is
a. universal or
b. not universal
universal, promotes patriotism, and pride and stability- can be dangerous
modal personality means….
a composite personality which is most typical profile of a given group of people
Social exchange theory postulates what?
relationship will endure if the rewards are greater than the costs
balance theory postulates that ….
a move from cognitive dissonance to consistency, a tendency to achieve a balanced cognitive state
what is the bystander effect?
one will find that the number of people who would respond to another’s distress actually decreases as the number of bystanders increase
Therapeutic surrender is when
the client psychologically surrenders him or herself to open up to the counselor from a different culture.
connotative error occurs when?
the emotional content of a word which is different from the true or dictionary definition
Emic can be defined as
an insider’s perception of the culture- Emic
This viewpoint emphasizes that each client is an individual with individual differences,
emic- comes from phonemic- sounds which are unique in a certain language language
The counselor with the emic viewpoint will counsel how?? …..
try to help the clients by understanding the client’s specific culture
while adheeres to the theory that humans are huans regardless of background and culture- thus the same theories and techniques can be applied to any client the counselor helps.
the etic view- from phonetic- the sounds which sound the same in every language
autoplastic asserts that the change come from
a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors
b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.
A- auto- meaning self
alloplastic-
a. inside- meaning thoughts and behaviors
b. with out (client can cope best by changing or altering external factors in the environment.
B Allo meaning all outside of self
conversion disorder?
and with with belle indifference is what?
evident when a person displays symptoms which cannot be accounted for via medical exams.
belle difference is when they do not seem to be bothered or concerned
what type of therapy for someone with conversion disorder?
counseling, biofeedback, and relaxation therapy
malingering occurs when??
someone fakes illness or physical problem to get out of work or duty
all people must adjust to environmental and geological demands- term?
personalism
after a period of time one forgets the communicator but remembers the message is called what?
Sleeper effect
Mc Dougall and Ross- helped to introduce what type of Psychology in America in 1908?
Social psychology
hormic psychology -
who and what?
Mc Dougall- asserted that individual as well as group behavior is the result of inherited tendencies to seek goals
pioneered psychodrama and coined the term group therapy-
joseph moreno
an existentialist well known for his strides in group work and existential therapy and death and dying
Yalom-
stanley milgram performed what experiment?
obedience and authority experiment
Who- authority and obedience
Stanley Milgram
schachter- landmark research showed what?:
firstborn and only children- tend to affiliate with others highest
“I don’t know whether to pay the fine or go to jail.”- which type of conflict would Kurt Lewin call this?
avoidance-avoidance
robbers cave experiment-
bring two hostile groups to work on a goal together- superordinate goal creates cooperation
asch situation-
where a person will agree with what everyone else says just because they respond to the peer pressure
