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NCE Study > Research 3 > Flashcards

Research 3 Flashcards

1
Q

T/F z-scores are the same as SDs?

A

T

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2
Q

T- scores uses a mean of _______– with each SD as 10. Hence a z-score of -1 would be what T-score? and a z-score of -1.5 would be what T-score?

A

the mean of a t-score is 50,
40,
35

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3
Q

A z-score of -2.5 would have what t-score?

A

25 because 50 minus 25 is 25.

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4
Q

The CEEB scores between 200 and 800 with a mean of ?

A

500

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5
Q

CEEB score of 200 falls in what SD?

A

3

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6
Q

How would a platykurtic distribution look on a graph?

A

hot dog lying on its back above the abiscissa

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7
Q

The mean score of the Binet is ?

A

100

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8
Q

someone making a 101 score on the Binet would fall into which stanine score?

A

5

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9
Q

stanine score divides the distribution into how many equal parts?

A

9

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10
Q

Stanine 1 would be the lowest nine and the 9 would be the highest- a Binet score of 101 would be where in the Stanine score?

A

5

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11
Q

what are the 4 basic measurement scales?

A

The nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio memorize french word NOIR

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12
Q

which scale is strictly qualitative?

A

nominal

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13
Q

which scale is the simplest type?

A

nominal

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14
Q

scale that is used to distinguish logically separated groups

A

nominal

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15
Q

parametric tests rely strictly on what type of data?

A

interval and ratio

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16
Q

non parametric tests are designed only for what type(s) of information?

A

nominal and ordinal

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17
Q

The nominal scale is most elementary and does not provide quantitative information. It classifies:

A

names, labels, or identifies by group

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18
Q

Does a nominal scale indicate order?

A

no it is not ordinal

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19
Q

A nominal scale has no true zero point and does not indicate order. T/F

A

T

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20
Q

This scale rank orders variables, though the relative distance between the elements is not always equal.

A

Ordinal scale

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21
Q

a horse categorized as a second place winner in a race is an example of what type of scale.

A

ordinal

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22
Q

Ordinal rank does not indicate absolute differences.

A

T

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23
Q

which scales would you NOT add or subtract multiply or divide?

A

Nominal and ordinal

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24
Q

you can add or subtract with this scale but not multiply or divide.

A

Interval scale

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25
Q

this scale has numbers scaled at equal distances but has no absolute zero point.

A

interval

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26
Q

IQ tests provide what type of measurement?

A

interval

27
Q

This scale can use add subtract, multiply divide.

A

Ratio

28
Q

most measurements used in counseling studies do not qualify as what scales?

A

Ratio because most psychological attributes cannot be measured on a ratio scale

29
Q

which scale uses absolute zero?

A

Ratio

30
Q

a naturalistic study of ethological investigations would call for the manipulation of which variable?

A

neither IV or DV is manipulated

31
Q

a naturalistic observational study of ethological investigations would call for the manipulation of which variable?

A

neither IV or DV is manipulated because naturalistic observation is done in the natural way without a lab.

32
Q

What are the problems of a Survey research??

A

poor construction of the instrument, a low return rate, often subjects are not picked at random and thus are not representative of the population.

33
Q

The simplest form of descriptive research is _______

A

Survey

34
Q

What is the percentage return rate to be accurate for a survey?

A

50-75%

35
Q

The subject in the experiment reacts simply to the presence of the investigator/researcher/counselor paying attention to them.

A

Hawthorne effect- memory device- Hawthorne is where clients get better just having attention

36
Q

an experimenter expectancy effect is having an effect on the impact - what is the name for this?

A

Rosenthal effect- the experimenter has rose colored glasses

37
Q

Rosenthal effect is when the experimenter’s beliefs about the individual may do what?

A

cause the the individual to be treated in a special way so that the inf. begins to fulfill the experimenter’s expectations.

38
Q

The Halo effect occurs when?

A

a trait which is not being evaluated (attractiveness, smartness, popularity etc) influences a researcher’s rating on another trait (counseling skill, teaching skill etc.)

39
Q

The ANCOVA tests a null hypothesis regarding means of two or more groups- after the random samples are adjusted to eliminate average differences. What procedure does this refer to ?

A

“adjusted average” statistical procedure

40
Q

ANCOVA allows the researcher to correct what type of differences?

A

something which could affect the DV- such as testing for anxiety on a group you have been training with hypnosis but then one of the constituents does athletic training- he would be the DV

41
Q

the analysis of covariance is…

A

an analysis used to control for sample differences which exist, helps remove confounding extraneous variables and statistically eliminates differences in average values influenced by covariates

42
Q

Standardized test means……

A

formal procedures—- the testing format and test materials and scoring process are consistent

43
Q

two distinct types of developmental studies:

A

cross-sectional and longitudinal

44
Q

In a longitudinal study- which is a developmental study does what?

A

studies the same people over a period of time

45
Q

In a cross- sectional study - which is one of two distinct types of developmental studies, in the studies________

A

clients are assessed at one point in time

46
Q

ipsative- implies

A

a within person analysis- looking at an individual’s own patterns revealed via measurements

47
Q

normative test implies

A

score is compared to others evaluated by the same measure.

48
Q

the most popular nonparametric test

A

the chi-square memory device: ChonSquarametric

49
Q

the chi square is what kind of test? parametric or nonparametric?

A

non-parametric

50
Q

what test will you use for the question whether a man or woman seeks therapy for an elevator phobia

A

Chi-square test

51
Q

merely used to determine whether an obtained distribution differs significantly from an expected distribution

A

chi-squared.

52
Q

…demand characteristic relates to any bit of knowledge- correct or incorrect that the subject in an experiment is aware of that can influence his or her behavior- what happens to the experiment?

A

can confound an experiment

53
Q

In order to further discriminate between the ANOVA groups, examples of the different measures to use would be ________________ .

A

Post hoc, Turkey, Duncan’s multiple-range, Scheffe’s test are examples

54
Q

another name for Rosenthal/experimenter is…..

A

Pygmalion effect- he loved her and so made it happen

55
Q

Pygmalion effect is when

A

the experimenter falls in love with his own hypothesis and the experiment becomes self fulfilling prophecy

56
Q

counterbalancing is when stimuli are switched orders when presented to a subject- this is known because

A

to control the outcome so as not to be influence by the order-

57
Q

strata or plural stratum means…..

A

special characteristic- could be race, gender educational degree or age or whatever

58
Q

systematic sampling is done how?

A

get the list of 10,000 pick the nth person and then from that point you pick every 10th person.

59
Q

an operational definition …..

A

outlines a procedure

60
Q

Mann Whitney U test (U test), Wilcoxon singed rank test for matched pairs, Soloman and Kruskal-wallis H test are examples of what kind of test?

A

nonparemetric test

61
Q

research that goes from the specific to a generalization-

A

inductive reasoning

62
Q

reduces the general to the specific

A

deductive reasoning

63
Q

SEM is necessary in order to predict what a persons score will be if he takes the test again. SEM is what?

A

standard error of measurement

NCE Study (11 decks)

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