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NCE Study > Human growth and develpment > Flashcards

Human growth and develpment Flashcards

1
Q

Freud is to psychosexual as E. Erikson is

to ….

A

Psychosocial

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2
Q

Freudian theory instincts are emphasized while Erik Erikson- who is a ego psychologist
emphasized…..

A

belief in man’s powers of reasoning to control behavior

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3
Q

Two maturationists were…

A

freud and erikson

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4
Q

Erikson

A

psychoanalyst

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5
Q

Freud’s last stage begins at what age?

A

12 and doesn’t seem to encompass a life span

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6
Q

“the ego is dependent upon the Id”

A

Freud

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7
Q

The pleasure principle- and houses the animalistic instincts

A

ID

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8
Q

pioneer in behavior therapy movement

A

Arnold Lazarus- MD: pioneered behavior therapy as first to rise again-

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9
Q

use of systematic desensitization

A

arnold lazarus and J Wolpe- MD: L. had to desensitize himself as goes to grave and Wolf

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10
Q

multimodal therapy

A

Arnold Lazarus- MD: Lazarus lived in multiple modes

termed- behavioral therapy and psychotherapy

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11
Q

what is a technique which helps clients cope with phobias?

A

systematic desensitization

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12
Q

Perry stresses what kind of thinking?

A

dualistic/ black and white MD: dualistic- Perry platapus and dufenshmirtz has a dual

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13
Q

relativistic thinking is

A

perceive that not everything is wrong or right

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14
Q

Jean Piaget’s theory has 4 stages-?

A

sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete, formal operations

MD: operate concretelely and formally on the senses

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15
Q

His findings were often derived from studying his own children.

A

Jean Piaget

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16
Q

cognitive development: constructive model of development

A

Kegan

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17
Q

conservation refers to

A

mass, weight and volume remain even if it changes shape

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18
Q

A child masters concept of reversibility in which Piagetian stage?

A

3rd stage - CONCRETE operations

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19
Q

concept of reversibility means

A

one can undo an action - an object can return to initial shape

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20
Q

“the rain is following me” is an example of

A

egocentrism

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21
Q

child can’t view the world through another vantage point…

A

egocentrism

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22
Q

For Kohlberg, The Heinz story represents…

A

a test to see what stage of moral development

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23
Q

Identity crisis- comes from who’s work?

A

E. Erikson

24
Q

Abraham Maslow coined which term?

A

positive psychology

25
Q

Learned helplessness - who?

A

Martin Segelman

26
Q

Who founded individual psychology?

A

Alfred Adler- Also known as Adlerian psychology- MD:

individual- which needed a community- paradox

27
Q

inferiority complex- who’s term?

A

Adler- remember he had a difficult childhood and had an inferiority complex

28
Q

Erikson’s stages

A 
trust vs mistrust
autonomy verses shame
initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identity vs role confusion
intimacy vs isolation
generativity vs stagnation
integrity vs despair
29
Q

Harry stack sullivan’s theory

A

psychiatry of interpersonal relations- biological determination is less important than interpersonal issues and sociocultural demands

30
Q

Sullivan’s stages

A

infancy, childhood, juvenile era, pre ad, early ad, and late adolescence

31
Q

term- describes the difference between a child’s performance without a teacher versus that which he or she is capable of with an instructor

A

Zone of proximal development

32
Q

both are maturationists

A

Freud and Erikson

33
Q

Bowlby’s name is most closely associated with -

A

bonding and attachment MD: Bonding Bowlby

34
Q

Attachment is not learned. It is innate.

A

Harlow

35
Q

Maccoby and Jacklin discovered this in research

A

males are better at math than females

36
Q

In psychoanalysis term manifest content describes what?

A

the dream as it is presented to the dreamer

37
Q

In psychoanalysis Latent content refers to

A

hidden meaning of the dream

38
Q

Which is true in adolescence:

a. females commit suicide more than males
b. males commit more than girls but girls attempt more often

A

B- males commit more than girls but girls attempt more often

39
Q

12/100,000

A

overall suicide rate in US

40
Q

Latency

A

Only stage that is not psychosexual in nature

41
Q

stanley coopersmith discovered that

A

child rearing practices have major impact on self esteem

42
Q

T/F stage theorists assume qualitative changes between stages occur

A

T

43
Q

Development is cephalocaudal- which means-

A

head to foot

44
Q

What are the 6 stages of Kohlberg’s 3 levels?

A

1- punishment/obedience- orientation stage

  1. Naive hedonism
  2. good boy/good girl
  3. authority and law and order
  4. democratically accepted law or social contract
  5. principles of self conscience and universal ethics
45
Q

a family of holistic psychological theories which tend to stress the organization, unity, and integration of human beings expressed through each individual’s inherent growth or developmental tendency.

A

Organismic theories in psychology are

46
Q

Empiricist view of development would be

A

behavioristic and quantitative

47
Q

developmental strides are qualitative- what is the name given to these:

A

organicists

48
Q

schema of permanency and constancy of objects occurs in which of Piaget’s stages?

A

1st stage- sensorimotor

49
Q

Konrad Lorenz: imprinting means

A

an instinctual behavior in goslings - infant follows the first moving object it encounters which is usually the mother

50
Q

Child follows the clowns red nose but nothing else

A

centrism

51
Q

Which of Piaget’s stages includes the acquisition of a symbolic schema?

A

preoperational

52
Q

a milk carton can easily become a spaceship or pie plate can become the steering wheel of an auto- this is an example of…..

A

symbolic schema

53
Q

T/F all reinforcers- positive and negative increase the probability that the behavior will occur.

A

T- remember it IS a reinforcer- however punishment only works at the moment.

54
Q

a child witnesses his parents having sex- this is called

A

Primal scene

55
Q

BASIC ID was developed by

A

A. Lazarus

56
Q

BASIC ID stands for

A

behavior, affective responses, sensations, imagery, cognitions, interpersonal relationships, drugs

57
Q

ego identity is associated with which of Erkison’s stages

A

identity vs. role confusion

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