social

Question 1

social cognition

Answer 1

idea that others can influence how we think about the world

Question 2

Asch’s social pressure experiment

Answer 2

say the correct length of line
other confederates say wrong answer and participant conforms
measures conformity and social implications

Question 3

social comparison

Answer 3

a behavior where we compare certain aspects of ourselves (behavior, opinions) to other people to have a better view of ourselves

Question 4

cognitive dissonance

Answer 4

state you enter when you have two conflicting sources of information, the more intensely you feel, the deeper the cognitive dissonance
we try to reduce this uncomfortable feeling however we can

Question 5

pattern perception

Answer 5

indicate that seeing someone in different contexts allows you to make your perception of them

Question 6

central traits

Answer 6

Asch studied this by giving two groups a list of traits, one group had warm in the list while the other had cold, stories told by each group were very different

Question 7

first impressions

Answer 7

Asch studied this using two groups writing a story, first group heard good traits then bad while the second group heard bad traits then good
drastically changed their stories

Question 8

illusory correlation

Answer 8

perceiving a relationship where it does not exist

Question 9

attribution process: situation

Answer 9

during a certain situation is when you make your ideas on another person after thinking about what they might be going through (Dick wasn’t being a jerk running them off the road, he was trying to save his wife)

Question 10

attribution process: disposition

Answer 10

the original judgement not knowing the whole story

Question 11

fundamental attribution error

Answer 11

mistake you make when you say it is disposition rather than situation

Question 12

pluralistic ignorance in crowd behavior

Answer 12

belief that each wavering person was alone in opposition to action by crowd

Question 13

diffusion of responsibility in crowd behavior

Answer 13

believe it is not their job to intercede
ex. Violent crowd but when asked why they don’t feel personally responsible

Question 14

deindividuation in crowd behavior

Answer 14

lose their sense of self, crowd as an organism

Question 15

anonymity

Answer 15

sense of being anonymous, the more anonymous you feel the more likely you are to take action

Question 16

social facilitation vs. social loafing

Answer 16

fac.: presence of others enhances ability to do something (ex. When you play your best game in front of others)
loaf.: presence of others decreases your ability to do something (ex. When someone doesn’t do anything in a group project)

Question 17

the case of Kitty Genovese

Answer 17

altruism
was attacked and had 38 people watching her get raped and murdered while no one did anything about it through:
ambiguity (not clear on situation)
pluralistic ignorance (only one who thought it was bad)
diffusion of responsibility (why should they intercede?)

Question 18

we are more likely to help…

Answer 18

if we are a woman
if someone else helps first then we step in
if we feel guilty
if we are in a good mood

Question 19

obedience (milgram)

Answer 19

participant is obedient to a man in a lab coat even if we think we are harming the other “participant” when shocking them

Question 20

reinterpretation (routinization) in obedience

Answer 20

clever, start low and slowly climb your way up to make others do what you want them to

Question 21

entrapment in obedience

Answer 21

goes with routinization, you are too far in and cannot stop now

Question 22

dehumanization in obedience

Answer 22

making others feel less human to make their actions more justifiable

Question 23

what is culture?

Answer 23

sum total of learned behavior in any given society

Question 24

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Answer 24

people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Question 25

peripheral route persuasion

Answer 25

people are influenced accidentally/not by the intentional message

Question 26

central route persuasion

Answer 26

people’s thinking is influenced by considering the evidence and argument provides

Question 27

normative social influence

Answer 27

influence from desire to gain acceptance/avoid disapproval

Question 28

informational social influence

Answer 28

influence from a persons willingness to accept others

Question 29

group polarization

Answer 29

enhancement of a groups beliefs through discussion within the group

Question 30

groupthink

Answer 30

desire to harmony in group decisions overrides realistic consequences
ex. no one objected to a presidential decision, which they knew was bad, and ended up being bad since they didn’t want to seem insubordinate

Question 31

just-world phenomenon

Answer 31

people believe the world is “just” and people will get whats coming to them

Question 32

ingroup

Answer 32

“us”

Question 33

outgroup

Answer 33

“them”

Question 34

ingroup bias

Answer 34

tendency to favor our own group

Question 35

frustration-agression principle

Answer 35

frustration creates anger which leads to aggression

Question 36

social script

Answer 36

culturally modeled guide for how to act

Question 37

mere-exposure effect

Answer 37

repeated exposure to stimuli increases our liking of that stimuli

Question 38

social-exchange theory

Answer 38

social behavior is exchange process, maximizing benefits and minimizing costs

Question 39

mirror-image perceptions

Answer 39

what you think of one group, that group thinks the same about you

Question 40

superordinate goals

Answer 40

shared goals override personal beliefs/differences