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psychological disorders Flashcards

1
Q

ways to retain your mind

A

3 good things
random acts of kindness
nature
journaling
meditation
reduce screen time

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2
Q

3 phases of stress/General Adaptation syndrome

A

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

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3
Q

alarm stage

A

prepares bodily resources for danger, adrenaline, muscles tighten, mouth goes dry, uncomfortable stomach, sweating

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4
Q

resistance stage

A

all responses from alarm phase continue and progress, eventually body cannot keep it up

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5
Q

exhaustion stage

A

body resources have been depleted and need to be replenished

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6
Q

what do men do after a stressful days vs. women?

A

go alone vs. spend time with loved ones

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7
Q

sources that cause stress

A

loss
noise/crowds
chronic problems
frequent hassles

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8
Q

psychosomatic

A

a physical illness caused by psychological factors
ex. stomach problems due to stress

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9
Q

hypochondriasis

A

people think they have a physical condition or do have something but exaggerate it

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10
Q

somatization disorder

A

generally chronic, where people have physical symptoms that involve more than one body part/system but can’t find any reason why this is happening to them

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11
Q

conversion disorder

A

hysteria/functional neurological symptom disorder

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12
Q

trephining

A

cutting holes in someones skull with obsidian blades, thought to let out something bad in the brain

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13
Q

demonic possession in relation to history of psychological disorders

A

didn’t understand mental disorders so thought to be demons

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14
Q

somatogenic

A

position of believing someone’s physical harm was due to something in the body
somato - body and genic - origin

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15
Q

general paresis

A

learned that it was caused by syphilis, still around today, worms in brain destroying nervous system, untreated syphilis can cause severe brain damage
example of somatogenic

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16
Q

psychogenic

A

the alternative (psych – mind, genic – origin), something going on with mind not necessarily the body, when couldn’t find anything with somatogenic

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17
Q

cultural standards in relation to mental disorders

A

somethings we find unacceptable, thrown into a mental disorder (ex. A nudist went to class, not usual so we thought he had a mental disorder but in some places in the world this is not out of the norm)

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18
Q

maladaptive behavior in relation to mental disorders

A

behavior or thought patterns that is potentially harmful to yourself or others

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19
Q

DSM

A

manual of all symptoms/signs of any mental disorders, standard, list of characteristics and changes as we learn and understand more things. Hope was to get everyone on the same page/consistence, to remove subjectivity of the person diagnosing a patient

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20
Q

problems with diagnosis in mental disorders

A

perception of disorders due to media

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21
Q

M’Naghten Test

A

Used by some states, asking if they have the cognitive ability to understand what was going on, is there insanity/cognitive ability interfering with knowledge with right or wrong?

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22
Q

overwhelming impulse

A

used by some courts to decide whether or not someone is mentally sane, if they did something with no planning = overwhelming impulse = not sane

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23
Q

Un DSM

A

made so cognitive psychology was not just the DSM
all the good things about humans:
wisdom knowledge
courage
humanity
justice
temperance
transcendence

24
Q

signs of schizophrenia

A

positive symptoms: (exhibit unusual behaviors)
delusions
hallucinations
disorganized incoherent speech and inappropriate behavior
negative symptoms: (absence of usual behaviors)
loss of motivation
emotional flatness
impoverished speech
social withdrawal

25
chronic schizophrenia
presents in early adulthood, doesn't go away no matter the treatment
26
acute schizophrenia
presents in early adulthood and with treatment can subside
27
causation of schizophrenia
genetic predisposition structural brain abnormalities (thalamus, ventricles and corpus callosum) neurotransmitter abnormalities (dopamine) prenatal abnormalities/virus
28
3 states of bipolar
mania (poor judgement) depression (complete worthlessness, 2 or more weeks) normalcy
29
causation of bipolar
norepinephrine, treated by lithium salt
30
unipolar depression
major depression, effects more women
31
causation and treatment of unipolar depression
serotonin serotonin inhibitors
32
causation and treatment of SAD
changes in light light box
33
serotonin hypothesis
difference in serotonin levels linked with major depression recently being challenged due to no solid proof
34
myths of suicide
talking increases risks people who don't talk about it don't do it people who try will eventually succeed
35
gender differences in suicide
women are statistically more treated as they are more likely to get help women attempt more than men men succeed in suicide more than women
36
treatment in suicide
ECT (last resort)
37
preparedness theory of phobias
those people that are afraid of such creatures were selected for over our evolution
38
causation of phobias
possibly genetics nuture/learning/environment
39
james-lange theory
arousal/bodily functions come before emotions
40
cannon-bard theory
arousal/bodily functions happen simultaneously with emotions
41
schachter-singer/two-factor theory
emotions depend on general arousal and conscious cognitive label
42
lazarus theory
cognitive appraisal defines emotion (sound is just wind)
43
Zajonc and LeDoux
responses happen instantly (jumping at wind)
44
facial feedback effect
facial muscles trigger feelings
45
behavior feedback effect
behavior influences our feelings and emotions
46
catharsis
releases aggressive energy relieves aggressive urges
47
positive psychology
study of humans flourishing
48
has a rising economic tide produced increased happiness or depression
neither
49
relative deprivation
perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves
50
adaptation-level phenomenon
tendency to form judgements relative to prior experiences
51
approach-avoidance motive
simultaneously attracted and repelled to an idea
52
approach-approach motive
two attractive but incompatible goals
53
avoidance-avoidance motive
two unattractive goals
54
how does stress effect our bodies? 3 examples
stress does not physically harm our bodies butt takes away resources to fight other dangers 1. slower healing wounds 2. more colds 3. hasten course of disease
55
type A vs B
A - competitive, hard-driving, impatient B - easy-going, relaxed
56
how does religion help us?
healthy behaviors are enforced social support positive emotions/optimism

PSYCH 111 (13 decks)

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