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PSYCH 111 > psychological disorders > Flashcards

psychological disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

ways to retain your mind

A

3 good things
random acts of kindness
nature
journaling
meditation
reduce screen time

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2
Q

3 phases of stress/General Adaptation syndrome

A

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

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3
Q

alarm stage

A

prepares bodily resources for danger, adrenaline, muscles tighten, mouth goes dry, uncomfortable stomach, sweating

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4
Q

resistance stage

A

all responses from alarm phase continue and progress, eventually body cannot keep it up

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5
Q

exhaustion stage

A

body resources have been depleted and need to be replenished

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6
Q

what do men do after a stressful days vs. women?

A

go alone vs. spend time with loved ones

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7
Q

sources that cause stress

A

loss
noise/crowds
chronic problems
frequent hassles

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8
Q

psychosomatic

A

a physical illness caused by psychological factors
ex. stomach problems due to stress

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9
Q

hypochondriasis

A

people think they have a physical condition or do have something but exaggerate it

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10
Q

somatization disorder

A

generally chronic, where people have physical symptoms that involve more than one body part/system but can’t find any reason why this is happening to them

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11
Q

conversion disorder

A

hysteria/functional neurological symptom disorder

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12
Q

trephining

A

cutting holes in someones skull with obsidian blades, thought to let out something bad in the brain

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13
Q

demonic possession in relation to history of psychological disorders

A

didn’t understand mental disorders so thought to be demons

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14
Q

somatogenic

A

position of believing someone’s physical harm was due to something in the body
somato - body and genic - origin

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15
Q

general paresis

A

learned that it was caused by syphilis, still around today, worms in brain destroying nervous system, untreated syphilis can cause severe brain damage
example of somatogenic

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16
Q

psychogenic

A

the alternative (psych – mind, genic – origin), something going on with mind not necessarily the body, when couldn’t find anything with somatogenic

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17
Q

cultural standards in relation to mental disorders

A

somethings we find unacceptable, thrown into a mental disorder (ex. A nudist went to class, not usual so we thought he had a mental disorder but in some places in the world this is not out of the norm)

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18
Q

maladaptive behavior in relation to mental disorders

A

behavior or thought patterns that is potentially harmful to yourself or others

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19
Q

DSM

A

manual of all symptoms/signs of any mental disorders, standard, list of characteristics and changes as we learn and understand more things. Hope was to get everyone on the same page/consistence, to remove subjectivity of the person diagnosing a patient

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20
Q

problems with diagnosis in mental disorders

A

perception of disorders due to media

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21
Q

M’Naghten Test

A

Used by some states, asking if they have the cognitive ability to understand what was going on, is there insanity/cognitive ability interfering with knowledge with right or wrong?

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22
Q

overwhelming impulse

A

used by some courts to decide whether or not someone is mentally sane, if they did something with no planning = overwhelming impulse = not sane

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23
Q

Un DSM

A

made so cognitive psychology was not just the DSM
all the good things about humans:
wisdom knowledge
courage
humanity
justice
temperance
transcendence

24
Q

signs of schizophrenia

A

positive symptoms: (exhibit unusual behaviors)
delusions
hallucinations
disorganized incoherent speech and inappropriate behavior
negative symptoms: (absence of usual behaviors)
loss of motivation
emotional flatness
impoverished speech
social withdrawal

25
Q

chronic schizophrenia

A

presents in early adulthood, doesn’t go away no matter the treatment

26
Q

acute schizophrenia

A

presents in early adulthood and with treatment can subside

27
Q

causation of schizophrenia

A

genetic predisposition
structural brain abnormalities (thalamus, ventricles and corpus callosum)
neurotransmitter abnormalities (dopamine)
prenatal abnormalities/virus

28
Q

3 states of bipolar

A

mania (poor judgement)
depression (complete worthlessness, 2 or more weeks)
normalcy

29
Q

causation of bipolar

A

norepinephrine, treated by lithium salt

30
Q

unipolar depression

A

major depression, effects more women

31
Q

causation and treatment of unipolar depression

A

serotonin
serotonin inhibitors

32
Q

causation and treatment of SAD

A

changes in light
light box

33
Q

serotonin hypothesis

A

difference in serotonin levels linked with major depression
recently being challenged due to no solid proof

34
Q

myths of suicide

A

talking increases risks
people who don’t talk about it don’t do it
people who try will eventually succeed

35
Q

gender differences in suicide

A

women are statistically more treated as they are more likely to get help
women attempt more than men
men succeed in suicide more than women

36
Q

treatment in suicide

A

ECT (last resort)

37
Q

preparedness theory of phobias

A

those people that are afraid of such creatures were selected for over our evolution

38
Q

causation of phobias

A

possibly genetics
nuture/learning/environment

39
Q

james-lange theory

A

arousal/bodily functions come before emotions

40
Q

cannon-bard theory

A

arousal/bodily functions happen simultaneously with emotions

41
Q

schachter-singer/two-factor theory

A

emotions depend on general arousal and conscious cognitive label

42
Q

lazarus theory

A

cognitive appraisal defines emotion (sound is just wind)

43
Q

Zajonc and LeDoux

A

responses happen instantly (jumping at wind)

44
Q

facial feedback effect

A

facial muscles trigger feelings

45
Q

behavior feedback effect

A

behavior influences our feelings and emotions

46
Q

catharsis

A

releases aggressive energy relieves aggressive urges

47
Q

positive psychology

A

study of humans flourishing

48
Q

has a rising economic tide produced increased happiness or depression

A

neither

49
Q

relative deprivation

A

perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves

50
Q

adaptation-level phenomenon

A

tendency to form judgements relative to prior experiences

51
Q

approach-avoidance motive

A

simultaneously attracted and repelled to an idea

52
Q

approach-approach motive

A

two attractive but incompatible goals

53
Q

avoidance-avoidance motive

A

two unattractive goals

54
Q

how does stress effect our bodies? 3 examples

A

stress does not physically harm our bodies butt takes away resources to fight other dangers
1. slower healing wounds
2. more colds
3. hasten course of disease

55
Q

type A vs B

A

A - competitive, hard-driving, impatient
B - easy-going, relaxed

56
Q

how does religion help us?

A

healthy behaviors are enforced
social support
positive emotions/optimism

PSYCH 111 (13 decks)

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