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PSYCH 111 > brain and nervous system > Flashcards

brain and nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

nervous system consists:

A

CNS and PNS

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2
Q

CNS consists of:

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

PNS consists of:

A

Somatic and Autonomic

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4
Q

Autonomic consists of:

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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5
Q

PNS

A

transmitting information to and from the CNS, everything besides the brain or spine

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6
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

muscle movements

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7
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

regulates glands and internal organs, without having to think about it

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8
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

mobilizes body for action in preparation of stimulus

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9
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

conserves energy for our body in preparation to move

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10
Q

neurons communicate with each other with:

A

neurotransmitters (refractory period)

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11
Q

glial cells

A

support the neuron, helps with nutrient and maintenance of nerve cells

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12
Q

synapses

A

space in-between neurons to relay signal

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13
Q

serotonin

A

role in mood, sleep, impulse control

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14
Q

dopamine

A

movement and fine motor skills

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15
Q

what results from too much dopamine

A

schizophrenia

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16
Q

what results in too little dopamine

A

parkinson’s disease

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17
Q

acetylcholine

A

voluntary movements, learning and memory

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18
Q

what results from too much acetylcholine

A

depression

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19
Q

what results from too little acetylcholine

A

dementia

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20
Q

norepinephrine

A

eating and alertness

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21
Q

too little norepinephrine causes

A

depression

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22
Q

too much norepinephrine causes

A

schizophrenia

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23
Q

GABA

A

inhibitor, alerts CNS

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24
Q

too little GABA causes

A

mood disorders

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25
Q

too much GABA causes

A

anxiety

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26
Q

glutamate

A

memory and over-stimulation

27
Q

endorphins

A

pain relief, released when we hurt ourselves or during exercise

28
Q

what makes up the hindbrain

A

medulla, pons, cerebellum

29
Q

medulla

A

breathing and heart rate, critical to life!

30
Q

pons

A

sleeping and dreaming

31
Q

cerebellum

A

balance and coordinated muscle movements, where alcohol hits first (hence police test your balance and coordination for sobriety tests)

32
Q

RAS

A

Reticular activating system, administrative assistant of the brain, prioritizes messages and stimuli

33
Q

Thalamus

A

passes motor and sensory signals on to the cerebral cortex

34
Q

limbic system includes:

A

hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus

35
Q

hypothalamus

A

biological drives, link between endocrine and nervous systems, initial reward center located here

36
Q

amygdala

A

fear and aggressive responses

37
Q

hippocampus

A

memory transfer function, where short term memory is transferred to long term

38
Q

corpus callosum

A

band of tissue connecting right and left hemisphere (split brain surgery severs this)

39
Q

basal ganglia

A

voluntary muscle movements

40
Q

cerebrum

A

all higher functioning (reasoning, language, thinking)

41
Q

cerebral cortex

A

brains control center, primary and non-primary areas

42
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

primary area, all senses except smell, registers body touch and movement sensations

43
Q

motor cortex

A

primary area, motor functions/voluntary movements

44
Q

association area/non-primary areas in the cerebral cortex

A

bigger than primary, studied by observing people with existing lesions in the brain

45
Q

Apraxia

A

problems with movements (especially coordinated) (ex. not being able to swiftly pack up and leave for class w/o thinking about it)

46
Q

agnosia

A

disorders in sensory stimulation (ex. not being able to recognize faces)

47
Q

aphasia

A

language disorders (receiving, understanding, processing information)

48
Q

expressive aphasia (non-fluent)

A

damage to broca’s area, disability to express oneself in productive communication

49
Q

receptive aphasia (fluent)

A

damage to wernicke’s area, don’t receive/understand language but can talk grammatically correct

50
Q

lateralization

A

how both hemispheres of the brain do and receive different information

51
Q

left hemisphere of the brain

A

language reception

52
Q

right hemisphere of the brain

A

making inferences and facial recognition

53
Q

everything psychological is also

A

biological

54
Q

4 lobes in brain

A

frontal, pariental, occipital, temporal

55
Q

frontal lobe

A

speaking and movements

56
Q

pariental lobe

A

sensory

57
Q

occipital lobe

A

receive information from visual fields

58
Q

temporal lobes

A

receive information from opposite ear

59
Q

the lower brain structure that governs arousal is the

A

reticular formation

60
Q

a cat’s ferocious response to electrical brain stimulation would lead you to suppose the electrode had touched the

A

amygdala

61
Q

fMRI

A

measures function

62
Q

PET

A

measures activity

63
Q

MRI

A

measures activity

64
Q

neuroplasticity

A

brains ability to change and adapt to certain circumstances

PSYCH 111 (13 decks)

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