Small Ruminant Nutrition

Question 1

where does Texas rank in terms of sheep inventory

Answer 1

1st

Question 2

where are most sheep within Texas

Answer 2

hill country

Question 3

what percent of total goat inventory does Texas hold

Answer 3

35%

Question 4

what is the #1 production issue for sheep and goat

Answer 4

decreasing lamb and kid survival rate

Question 5

T/F growing lamb feed efficiency is comparable to that of growing cattle

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

what sheep production parameter has the larges affect on profit

Answer 6

feed costs

Question 7

what is sheeps energy requirement per unit of metabolic body size? how does this compare to cattle?

Answer 7

56
less than cattle

Question 8

why are lambs more susceptible to cold stress

Answer 8

they have less wool/insulation

Question 9

factors affecting sheep NEg requirements

Answer 9

frame size
rate of gain
body weight

Question 10

how much do energy requirements in the final trimester increase for singles

Answer 10

50% increase

Question 11

how much do energy requirements in the final trimester increase for twins

Answer 11

2X greater

Question 12

how does the amount of offspring impact milk production

Answer 12

milk production increases as offspring numbers do

Question 13

how much do energy requirements during nursing increase for singles

Answer 13

2.5X greater

Question 14

how much do energy requirements during nursing increase for twins

Answer 14

3X greater

Question 15

relationship between protein and energy requirements

Answer 15

inverse

Question 16

minimum Ca:P ratio in sheep

Answer 16

2:1

Question 17

why is the Ca:P ratio higher in sheep

Answer 17

they are more prone to urinary calculi

Question 18

what minerals lower absorption rate of copper

Answer 18

Molybdenum
Sulfur

Question 19

sheep are most susceptible to toxicity of which mineral

Answer 19

copper

Question 20

impact of copper deficiency during late gestation

Answer 20

-neonatal ataxia(nervous disorder)
-reduced vigor at birth
-reduced cold tolerance
-increased diarrhea
-reduced neonatal survival rates

Question 21

consequences of maternal deficiency of Se and vitamin E

Answer 21

-white muscle disease
-abortion or stillborn
-weak lamb syndrom

Question 22

stages of ewe production

Answer 22

1. pre-lambing
2. pre-breeding
3. early lactation
4. early gestation
5. dry period

Question 23

when should you start feeding ewes high energy

Answer 23

3-4 weeks before breeding

Question 24

when ewe phase has the highest energy requirements

Answer 24

early lactation

Question 25

rank lamb production phases most to least critical

Answer 25

most: pre-lambing
pre-breeding
early lactation
early gestation
least: dry period

Question 26

importance of brown fat in lambs

Answer 26

it increases cold tolerance

Question 27

when do sheep enter ketosis

Answer 27

during late gestation

Question 28

BCS scale for sheep

Answer 28

1-5

Question 29

ideal BCS for sheep at lambing

Answer 29

2.5

Question 30

when is creep feeding really good for sheep

Answer 30

when there’s high incidents of twins

Question 31

4 reasons rumen animals are super upcyclers

Answer 31

-can convert fiber CHO to VFAs
-convert low quality protein to high quality microbial protein
-high ability to absorb phosphorus from feed
-dont need supplementation of b-complex vitamins