Feed evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

what factors need to be considered for a proper ration

A

environment
intake
output-input

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2
Q

why is intake important

A

if they eat less than you plan for their requirements arent being met

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3
Q

what percent of lysine do early weaned pigs need

A

1.6%

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4
Q

what 2 ways can dietary standards be expressed as

A

quantity of nutrient
percent of diet

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5
Q

what is the biggest priority in feeding standards

A

energy

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6
Q

units for feeding standards

A

NE
ME
DE
TDN

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7
Q

T/F dairy cows have a higher percentage of consumed energy going towards maintenance than beef cows

A

FALSE> most of dairy cows energy goes to milk production

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8
Q

what is the relationship between heat production and bodyweight

A

non linear
as one increases so does the other

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9
Q

what is the relationship between heat production per unit of boy weight and body weight

A

as body weight increases heat per unit decreases

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10
Q

what is metabolic body size, what is it used for

A

BW^0.75
used to predict maintenance energy requirements

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11
Q

equation for heat production related to body weight

A

HP = 70 x BW^0.75

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12
Q

how does rate of gain effect NEg

A

the faster you grow the higher your energy requirements

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13
Q

how does composition of gain effect NEg

A

fat composition will require more energy than muscle composition

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14
Q

T/F bulls leaner than steers leaner than heifers

A

TRUE

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15
Q

what happens to energy requirements as you mature

A

fat increases increasing energy requirements

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16
Q

how does frame size impact energy requirements

A

as frame size increases so does energy need

17
Q

when does the fetus truly begin to increase energy requirements

A

3rd trimester

18
Q

types of diets that can be formulated

A

-total mixed ration
-trace mineral mix
-energy/protein supplement
-vitamin/mineral premix(to be mixed in with total mixed ration)

19
Q

factors affecting feed intake in swine

A

-body weight
-temp
-pelleting of the ration
-subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics
-space
-gender
-protein
-breed

20
Q

how do subtherapeutic levels of antibiotics effect feed intake

A

feed intake increases

21
Q

T/F barrows eat more than gilts eat more than boars

A

TRUE

22
Q

which breed of swine has the highest feed intake

A

Durocs

23
Q

why is breed less of a indicator of feed intake in swine now

A

most swine are crossbred

24
Q

factors effecting feed intake of cattle

A

-dietary energy concentration
-empty body fat
-breed
-implants
-ionophores
-temp

25
Q

how does energy concentration effect intake

A

very low or very high energy levels will have decreased intake

26
Q

which cattle breed has the highest feed intake

A

holstein

27
Q

how do implants effect feed intake

A

implanted cattle consume more feed and produce more muscle than fat

28
Q

how does rumensin impact feed intake

A

rumensun causes a decrease in intake but not a performance change

29
Q

what is the purpose of rumensin

A

change composition of microbes to improve feed efficiency

30
Q

T/F all ionophores cause a decrease in feed intake

A

FALSE

31
Q

methods to formulate rations

A

linear programming
least-cost
commercial software