Small Intestine Neoplasms

Question 1

Potential fate of small intestine adenomas?

Answer 1

Especially villous type may undergo malignant transformation

Question 2

Autosomal dominant hereditary disorder of intestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous melanin pigmentation, particularly on the face, buccal mucosa, hands, feet, and perianal and genital areas.

Answer 2

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Question 3

Mutation associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

Answer 3

Inactivating mutations of gene LKB1 on chromosome 19

Question 4

Stromal tumors of the small intestine?

Answer 4

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)

Question 5

Risk factor for small intestine adenocarcinoma?

Answer 5

Crohn disease

Question 6

What do adenocarcinomas of the small bowel resembble? Why?

Answer 6

Colorectal cancer, begin in the crypt epithelium rather than the villi

Question 7

Small intestinal lymphoma that arises in the context of Celiac Disease?

Answer 7

Enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma

Question 8

Associated cellular pathology that is typically found in Mediterranean Lymphoma of the small intestine?

Answer 8

B lymphocytes that secrete heavy chain of IgA without light chains.

Question 9

Most common site for neuroendocrine tumors?

Answer 9

the gut

Question 10

What causes carcinoid syndrome?

Answer 10

Neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid tumors)

Question 11

Classical Syx of carcinoid syndrome?

Answer 11

• Diarrhea
• Episodic flushing
• bronchospasm
• cyanosis
• telangiectasia
• skin lesions

Question 12

Dx for carcinoid tumor?

Answer 12

Urine test for (5-HIAA)

Serotonin is converted to 5-HIAA in the carcnoid tumor by monoamine oxidase

Question 13

Heart manifestations of carcinoid tumor? MOA?

Answer 13

Right sided heart disease - When high levels of 5HIAA is released from carcinoid liver metastases, the right side of the heart takes the hit and endocardial fibrosis, pulmonic stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation occur