Malignant Tumors of the Stomach

Question 1

What is probably the most important causative agent for stomach cancer?

Answer 1

H. pylori

Question 2

Describe the contribution of diet to evolution of stomach cancer

Answer 2

Ingestion of foods high in nitrites and nitrates may contribute to nitrosamines by H. pylori

Question 3

What genetic factors are associated with a higher frequency of gastric cancer?

Answer 3

• Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
• Germline mutations of E-cadherin1

Question 4

Two major types of gastric adenocarcinoma?

Answer 4

Diffuse and intestinal

Question 5

Three major macroscopic types of gastric cancer?

Answer 5

• Polypoid (fungating) adenocarcinoma
• Ulcerating adenocacinoma
• Diffuse or infiltrating adenocarcinoma

Question 6

Condition in which entire stomach is involved with infiltrating adenocarcinoma?

Answer 6

Linitis plastica

Question 7

What does Early Gastric Cancer refer to?

Answer 7

Pathologic diagnosis based on depth of invasion

Question 8

From where do most intestinal-type cancers originate from?

Answer 8

Areas of intestinal metaplasia

Question 9

Typical metastatic locations of gastric cancers?

Answer 9

• Supraclavicular node - Virchow Node
• Ovary - Krukenberg tumor

Question 10

Typical clinical features of gastric cancer?

Answer 10

Epigastric or back pain (mimicking a benign gastric ulcer)

Question 11

Typical outlook of gastric neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumor?

Answer 11

Generally low-grade