Chronic Gastritis Flashcards
What is chronic gastritis?
Inflammatory diseases of the stomach
What is the most common cause of chronic gastritis in the US?
Helicobacter pylori
What is the most common pattern of H. pylori gastritis?
Nonatrophic antral-predominant gastritis
What are characteristics of multifocal atrophic gastritis?
- Not linked to autoimmune phenomena
- Associated with reduced acid secretion (hypochlorhydria)
Compare and contrast Mutlifocal atrophic gastritis and autoimmune atrophic gastritis
Common: Pathology is similar
Different: AG is restricted to the fundus and body and MAG is confined mainly to the antrum and corpus
What is the key histological finding in atrophic gastritis?
Conspicuous reduction of number of glands
What characteristic is common both autoimmune gastritis and multifocal atrophic gastritis?
Intestinal metaplasia
Those with either autoimmune gastritis or multifocal atrophic gastritis are predisposed to….?
Carcinoma of the stomach
What is the most common extranodal site of lymphoma?
Stomach
What are most gastric lymphomas composed of?
Low-grade B-cell tumors of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma)
What is aumtoimmune atrophic gastritis?
Chronic diffuse inflammatory disease of the body and fundus of the stomach associated with autoimmunity
What is AAG associated with?
Pernicious Anemia
What is pernicious anemia?
Megaloblastic anemia caused by malabsorption of vitamin B12 owing to a deficiency of intrinsic factor
What sites of the stomach are affected by AAG?
Body, fundus; Lacking involvement of the antrum
What are Abs to in AAG?
Parietal cells and Intrinsic factor
Why is serum gastrin increased in AAG?
G-cell hyperplasia in antral mucosa
What are the two major autoAbs in AAG?
- Cytotoxic Abs to Parietal cells
- Intrinsic Factor Abs that interferes with the intrinsic factor-vit B12 complex absorption
What is reactive gastropathy typically caused by?
Ingstion of NSAIDs
How is reactive gastropathy different from H. pylori gastritis?
Inflammation is minimal in reactive
Causes of granulomatous gastritis?
TB, sarcoid, Crohn’s
What is seen on endoscopy of a stomach with gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE)?
“Watermelon Stomach”
What is another name for hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy?
Menetrier Disease
What does Menetrier Disease cause?
Severe loss of plasma proteins
What is the cause of childhood Menetrier’s? Adult?
Childhood - CMV; Adult - overexpression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha)
