Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What conditions does inflammatory bowel disease encompass?

A
  • Crohn Disease
  • Ulcerative Colitis
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2
Q

What is Chron Disease?

A
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3
Q

Where does Chron disease occur?

A

Distal small intestine but may involve any part of the digestive tract and even extraintestinal tissues

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4
Q

When affected by Chron, what part of the colon is affected?

A

The right colon

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5
Q

Other names for Chron Disease?

A
  • Terminal Ileitis
  • Regional Enteritis
  • Granulomatous colitis
  • Transmural Colitis
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6
Q

What two key features of Crohn Disease differentiate it from other GI inflammatory disease?

A
  1. Transmural inflammatory disease - involves all layers of the bowel wall
  2. Involvement of the intestine is discontinuous (segments of inflamed tissue are separated by apparently normal intestine)
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7
Q

Typical findings on gross examination of bowel with Crohn disease?

A

Mesenteric fat often surrounds the bowel (“creeping fat”) and nodular swelling, fibrosis and mucosal ulceration (“cobblestone” appearance)

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8
Q

What are frequently found in the bowel of Crohn disease?

A

Discrete, noncaseating granulomas in the submucosa

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9
Q

What are the most frequent Syx associated with inflammatory bowel disease?

A
  • Abdonminal pain
  • Diarrhea
  • 50% of time - fever
  • Malabsorption
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10
Q

What is ulcerative colitis?

A
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11
Q

Characteristics of ulcerative colitis?

A

Chronic diarrhea, rectal bleeding, with a pattern of exacerbations and remissions

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12
Q

What causes ulcerative colitis?

A

Unknown!

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13
Q

What marker is found in 80% of people with ulcerative colitis?

A

ANCA

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14
Q

What are the three major pathologic features of ulcerative colitis?

A
  1. UC is diffuse
  2. Inflammation in ulcerative colitis is generally limited to the colon and rectum
  3. Ulcerative colitis is essentially a mucosal disease (deeper layers are uncommonly involved)
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15
Q

What lesions are found in the early stage of ulcerative colitis?

A

Crypt abscesses

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16
Q

What lesions are found in progressive ulcerative colitis?

A

Inflammatory polyps

17
Q

Major Syx in mild colitis?

A

Rectal bleeding

18
Q

Syx of severe ulcerative colitis?

A
  • More than 6 bloody bowel movements a day
  • Anemia
  • Dehydration
  • Electrolyte depletion
19
Q

Major risk associated with severe ulcerative colitis?

A

Toxic megacolon

20
Q

Extraintestinal complications of ulcerative colitis?

A
  • Arthritis
  • Uveitis
  • Erythema nodosum
  • Pyoderma gangrenosum
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
21
Q

Major difference b/w Chron and ulcerative colitis?

A
  • Chron - typically patchy or segmental and spares the rectum
  • Ulcerative colitis - diffuse and usually more severe distally
22
Q

Which inflammatory bowel disease carries a considerably higher risk of colorectal cancer than the general population?

A

Ulcerative colitis

23
Q

Lesion associated with prolonged ulcerative colitis?

A

Epithelial dysplasia

24
Q

What is collagenous colitis?

A

Inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized clinically by chronic watery diarrhea and pathologically by a thickened subepithelial collagen band