Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards
What conditions does inflammatory bowel disease encompass?
- Crohn Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
What is Chron Disease?
Where does Chron disease occur?
Distal small intestine but may involve any part of the digestive tract and even extraintestinal tissues
When affected by Chron, what part of the colon is affected?
The right colon
Other names for Chron Disease?
- Terminal Ileitis
- Regional Enteritis
- Granulomatous colitis
- Transmural Colitis
What two key features of Crohn Disease differentiate it from other GI inflammatory disease?
- Transmural inflammatory disease - involves all layers of the bowel wall
- Involvement of the intestine is discontinuous (segments of inflamed tissue are separated by apparently normal intestine)
Typical findings on gross examination of bowel with Crohn disease?
Mesenteric fat often surrounds the bowel (“creeping fat”) and nodular swelling, fibrosis and mucosal ulceration (“cobblestone” appearance)
What are frequently found in the bowel of Crohn disease?
Discrete, noncaseating granulomas in the submucosa
What are the most frequent Syx associated with inflammatory bowel disease?
- Abdonminal pain
- Diarrhea
- 50% of time - fever
- Malabsorption
What is ulcerative colitis?
Characteristics of ulcerative colitis?
Chronic diarrhea, rectal bleeding, with a pattern of exacerbations and remissions
What causes ulcerative colitis?
Unknown!
What marker is found in 80% of people with ulcerative colitis?
ANCA
What are the three major pathologic features of ulcerative colitis?
- UC is diffuse
- Inflammation in ulcerative colitis is generally limited to the colon and rectum
- Ulcerative colitis is essentially a mucosal disease (deeper layers are uncommonly involved)
What lesions are found in the early stage of ulcerative colitis?
Crypt abscesses
What lesions are found in progressive ulcerative colitis?
Inflammatory polyps
Major Syx in mild colitis?
Rectal bleeding
Syx of severe ulcerative colitis?
- More than 6 bloody bowel movements a day
- Anemia
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte depletion
Major risk associated with severe ulcerative colitis?
Toxic megacolon
Extraintestinal complications of ulcerative colitis?
- Arthritis
- Uveitis
- Erythema nodosum
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Cholangiocarcinoma
Major difference b/w Chron and ulcerative colitis?
- Chron - typically patchy or segmental and spares the rectum
- Ulcerative colitis - diffuse and usually more severe distally
Which inflammatory bowel disease carries a considerably higher risk of colorectal cancer than the general population?
Ulcerative colitis
Lesion associated with prolonged ulcerative colitis?
Epithelial dysplasia
What is collagenous colitis?
Inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized clinically by chronic watery diarrhea and pathologically by a thickened subepithelial collagen band
