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GROSS 2 Exam 3 > Small Intestine > Flashcards

Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

What is the longest part of the GI tract?

A

small intestine

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2
Q

What does the small intestine extend from?

A

pyloric orfice to ileocecal junction

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3
Q

How long is the small intestine?

A

7 m in length

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4
Q

What does the small intestine absorb?

A

nutrients and water

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5
Q

What does the large intestine absorb?

A

some water

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6
Q

Where does almost entirely all the absorption occur?

A

small intestine

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7
Q

What three parts make up the small intestine?

A

duodenum (shortest)
Jejunum (longest)
Ileum (distal part)

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8
Q

What is the duodenum?

A

C-shaped tube surrounds the head of the pancreas

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9
Q

What is the characteristics of duodenum in length and width?

A

25 cm long and widest part of small intestine

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10
Q

What are the four parts of the duodenum?

A

superior part
descending part
inferior part
ascending par

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11
Q

Where is the duodenal cap (ampulla)?

A

beginning of superior part

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12
Q

What is in the descending part?

A

junction for foregut and midgut where bile and pancreatic duct empty

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13
Q

What is the longest part of the duodenum?

A

inferior part

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14
Q

What are duodenal brunner glands?

A

secrete an alkaline mucus which gives dilute stomach acid

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15
Q

Suspensory muscle is what?

A

fibromuscular band which extends from diaphragm to duodenojejunal flexure

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16
Q

What is the only part of the duodenum that isnt retroperitoneal?

A 
duodenal cap
(distal end of 4th part might also be intraperitoneal)
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17
Q

Where does the mesenteric artery and vein pass?

A

anterior to third part of duodenum

18
Q

What is the blood supply to the duodenum?

A

superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

supraduodenal artery

19
Q

What does the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery supply?

A

third and fourth part of duodenum

20
Q

What is the innervation of the duodenum?

A

autonomic fibers from the celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

21
Q

What part does the jejunum make up of the small intestine?

A

proximal 2/5, distal to duodenum

22
Q

Where does the jejunum begin?

A

duodenojejunal flexure

23
Q

What part does the ileum make up of the small intestine?

A

distal 3/5

24
Q

What segment of GI tract is most involved in nutrient absorption?

A

jejunum

25
Q

What does the ileum absorb?

A

fat soluble vitamins, b12, bile salts

26
Q

What suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall?

A

mesentery which carries blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics

27
Q

What do peyer’s patches produce?

A

lymphocytes to defend GI

28
Q

What is the plicae ciruclares for?

A

increase surface area

slow passage of material

29
Q

What is the vasa recta?

A

straight terminal branches of the arteries which travel through the mesentery to supply the small intestine

30
Q

Does the jejunum have mesenteric windows?

A

yes

31
Q

Does the ileum have mesenteric windows?

A

no because to much fat

32
Q

What color is jejunum?

A

dark red

33
Q

What color is ileum?

A

pale pink

34
Q

Does jejunum or ileum have better vascularity?

A

jejunum

35
Q

Which one is bigger in diameter? jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

36
Q

Which walls are thicker? jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

37
Q

Whose vasa recta is longer? jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

38
Q

Which one has less mesenteric fat? jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

39
Q

Which one has more plicae cirulares? jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

40
Q

Which one has peyer’s patches? jejunum or ileum?

A

ileum

41
Q

What is the blood supply to the jejunum and ileum?

A

jejunal and ileal branches of superior mesenteric artery

42
Q

What is the innervation of the jejunum and ileum?

A

autonomic fibers from superior mesenteric plexus

GROSS 2 Exam 3 (19 decks)

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